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传奇女王 伊莉莎白一世.

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  伊丽莎白一世Elizabeth I(1533年9月7日出生于格林尼治,即今日伦敦的格林尼治,1603年3月24日逝世于萨里),于1558年11月17日至1603年3月24日任英格兰和爱尔兰女王,是都铎王朝的第五位也是最后一位君主。她终身未嫁,因此被称为“童贞女王”。

  The reign of Queen Elizabeth I is often rerred to as The Golden Age of English history. Elizabeth was an immensely popular Queen, and her popularity has waned little with the passing of four hundred years. She is still one of the best loved monarchs, and one of the most admired rulers of all time. She became a legend in her own lifetime, famed for her remarkable abilities and achievements。

  Elizabeth was dedicated to her country in a way few monarchs had been or have been since. Elizabeth had the mind of a political genius and nurtured her country through carul leadership and by choosing capable men to assist her. Elizabeth was a determined woman, but she was not obstinate. She listened to the advice of those around her, and would change a policy if it was unpopular。

  When she ascended the throne in 1558, England was an impoverished country torn apart by religious squabbles. When she died at Richmond Palace on the 24th March 1603, England was one of the most powerful and prosperous countries in the world。

  伊丽莎白一世的女王生涯:

  继位之初:1558年,年仅25岁的伊丽莎白在一场宫廷血腥的权力内讧中侥幸活命,同年继位。当时英国正处于内忧外患,天主教和新教对立和纷争,英国随时都面临着国家分裂和混乱的危险,同时还受到西班牙、法国等国家的威胁。

  宗教改革:伊丽莎白将英国的天主教和新教融合在一起,彻底解决国内宗教纷争,从此彻底断绝宗教内战的可能。这是伊丽莎白一世至今仍被英国人念念不忘的政绩之一。伊丽莎白及之后的英国王室们因此拥有其它欧洲君主无法企及的地位和高度。

  发展经济:伊丽莎白一世认为民心最重要。她没有向自己的百姓横征暴敛,而是打造军舰船只,鼓励有勇气的人去海外聚敛财富。从此以后英国的国库迅速充盈。英国民间摆脱了苛捐杂税,开始安居乐业。经济从此进入一个良性循环。

  海军力量:伊丽莎白鼓励海上扩张,拥有了一支经历过实战演练的熟练海军兵源,从而为她打败西班牙的“无敌舰队”,洗雪国家前耻做好了充分的准备。1588年,她派人率英国舰队击溃西班牙的“无敌舰队”,确立英国的海上霸权地位。

  童贞女王:伊丽莎白曾说过一句至今令人震惊的话——“我只可能有一个丈夫,那就是英格兰。” 她的这句话,在英国人心中造成了空前的震撼,对于英国人来说,她就是都铎玫瑰的化身。她的统治期在英国历史上被称为“伊丽莎白时期”,亦称为“黄金时代”。

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