中国即将推出存款保险制度.

　　中国即将在全国范围内推出存款保险制度，这是中国政府朝着取消对银行的隐形担保迈出的重要一步。周五，中国国内媒体援引未透露姓名的央行官员的说法称，这一制度将为最高50万元的存款(合81336美元)提供担保，这一上限将涵盖中国商业银行98%的存款。详细请看下面的双语新闻：

　　The rollout of deposit insurance, scheduled for January, will also help pave the way for authorities to deregulate bank-deposit interest rates.这一备受期待的新制度预期将于明年1月份推出。它的实施还将为当局放宽对银行存款利率的监管铺平道路。

　　Deregulation is expected to unleash competition among banks as they use higher deposit rates to lure customers. Deposit insurance will mitigate the risks of deregulation by protecting most depositors from losses if their bank raises rates too aggressively and goes bankrupt.放松监管预计会引发银行间的竞争，它们会以更高的存款利率吸引客户。如果有银行将利率提得太高而导致破产，存款保险制度会保护多数储户免受损失，从而降低去监管化的风险。

　　“Deposit insurance is a precondition for liberalising deposit interest rates, the outstanding step in interest rate liberalisation,” Tim Condon, chi Asia economist for ING, said in a note on Friday.荷兰国际集团(ING)首席亚洲经济学家蒂姆?康顿(Tim Condon)周五在一份报告中表示：“存款保险制度是存款利率自由化的先决条件，而存款利率自由化则是利率自由化的重要步骤。”

　　“Earlier this year People’s Bank of China Governor Zhou [Xiaochuan] said deposit rates could be liberalised by the spring of 2016. Interest rate rorm started in 1996; 20 years is slow even for China.”“今年早些时候中国央行(PBoC)行长周小川曾表示，存款利率可能会在2016年春季之前放开。中国对利率的改革始于1996年。即使对中国来说，20年的时间也太慢了。”

　　The PBoC took a significant step towards freeing up deposit rates last week, when it doubled banks’ margin of flexibility to offer deposits above the central bank’s official benchmark, a move coupled with a cut in benchmark deposit and lending rates.上周，中国央行向着放开存款利率的方向迈出了重要一步。当时，作为下调基准存贷款利率的配套措施，央行将各行存款利率相对官方基准存款利率的自由上浮区间扩大了一倍。

　　Hu Xiaolian, deputy central bank governor, also said on Thursday that the PBoC would accelerate work on deposit insurance. China’s parliament said in early 2008 that it would establish deposit insurance that year, but the move was shelved during the financial crisis.周四，中国央行副行长胡晓炼也表示，央行将加快推进存款保险制度。2008年初，中国人大就曾表示会在当年建立这一制度。然而，这一举措在金融危机期间却被搁置。

　　Southern Metropolis Daily and The Beijing News both reported the news about deposit insurance on Friday.周五，《南方都市报》(Southern Metropolis Daily)和《新京报》(The Beijing News)都报道了有关存款保险制度的新闻。

　　Analysts had expected the scheme to start earlier this year, but the rollout has been delayed by concerns over financial stability and internal debates over the design of the system, analysts say.分析师原本预计该计划会在今年年初启动。然而，他们透露，对金融稳定的担忧和围绕制度设计的内部争论，令该计划的实施一直拖延至今。

　　Regulators worry that the introduction of deposit insurance could destabilise the banking system in the short term by highlighting bank failure as a realistic possibility.监管机构担心，引入存款保险制度可能会让银行倒闭成为一种真实的可能，在短期内可能导致银行系统的不稳。

　　The experience of other countries shows that when deposit insurance is initially introduced, jittery depositors may decide to move their funds to the largest banks, which are viewed as safest, even if their deposits are under the maximum threshold and therore fully insured.其他国家的经验表明，在存款保险制度刚刚建立时，即使储户低于上限的存款都能得到完全担保，紧张不安的储户还是有可能将资金转移至规模最大的银行，原因是这些银行被认为是最安全的银行。

　　Such irrational behaviour occurs because unsophisticated savers tend to fixate on the notion that the government is willing to allow bank failures and that some deposits are explicitly unprotected, while ignoring the existence of the guarantee on deposits below the threshold.这种不理性的行为之所以会发生，是因为储户更容易关注银行倒闭、且部分储蓄不受保护的可能性，而不会注意到大部分存款是有担保的。

　　That could lead to crippling deposit outflow for smaller lenders, which already face greater difficulty attracting customer funds due to their smaller retail branch networks.这可能会导致小银行遭遇致命的存款外流，而这些小银行原本就由于分行网点较少而较难吸引客户资金。

　　China’s six largest banks control Rmb58tn in deposits, compared with Rmb27tn for small and medium-sized banks, according to central bank data.根据中国央行的数据，中国六家最大规模的银行控制着58万亿人民币的存款，而中小银行的存款总额则为27万亿人民币。

　　Another point of contention is what level of premium different types of banks will be forced to pay. Large banks, which are viewed as less likely to fail than smaller ones, have resisted proposals that would force them to pay a disproportionate share of premiums into the insurance fund, given that smaller banks are the ones most likely to go bust.另一个争论的焦点是，不同类型的银行需要支付的保费是多少。大银行一直在抵制要求它们向保险基金支付更高比例保费的方案，因为它们自认为比小银行更不容易倒闭。