GMAT阅读材料55(附答案).

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　　Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United states during the 1980&aposs to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups， such as first-time or(5)reentering workers， who supposedly prer such arrange- ments. However， statistical analyses reveal that demo- graphic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead， these analyses suggest that factors affecting.(10)employers account for the rise in temporary employ- ment. One factor is product demand： temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another(15)factor is labor&aposs reduced bargaining strength， which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses， which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of(20)groups said to prer temporary jobs， firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of tem- porary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benit coverage for temporary employees， promoting pay equity between temporary(25)and permanent workers， assisting labor unions in orga- nizing temporary workers， and encouraging firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that prerence.

　　1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

　　(A) present the results of statistical analyses and propose further studies

　　(B) explain a recent development and predict its eventual consequences.

　　(C) identify the reasons for a trend and recommend measures to address it.

　　(D) outline several theories about a phenomenon and advocate one of them

　　(E) describe the potential consequences of implementing a new policy and argue in favor of that policy.

　　2. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the “factors affecting employers” that are mentioned in lines 9-10?

　　(A) Most experts cite them as having initiated the growth in temporary employment that occurred during the 1980’s.

　　(B) They may account for the increase in the total number of temporary workers during the 1980’s.

　　(C) They were less important than demographic change in accounting for the increase of temporary employment during the 1980’s.

　　(D) They included a sharp increase in the cost of labor during the 1980’s.

　　(E) They are more difficult to account for than at other factors involved in the growth of temporary employment during the 1980’s.

　　3. The passage suggests which of the following about the use of temporary employment by firms during the 1980’s?

　　(A) It enabled firms to deal with fluctuating product demand far more ficiently than they bore the 1980’s.

　　(B) It increased as a result of increased participation in the workforce by certain demograp groups.

　　(C) It was discouraged by government-mandated policies.

　　(D) It was a response to prerences indicated by certain employees for more flexible working arrangements.

　　(E) It increased partly as a result of workers’ reduced ability to control the terms of their employment.

　　4. The passage suggests which of the following about the workers who took temporary jobs during the 1980’s?

　　(A) Their jobs frequently led to permanent positions within firms.

　　(B) They constituted a less demographically diverse group than has been suggested.

　　(C) They were occasionally involved in actions organized by labor unions.

　　(D) Their pay declined during the decade in comparison with the pay of permanent employees.

　　(E) They did not necessarily prer temporary employment to permanent employment.

　　5. The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers mentioned in line 1 would be most likely to predict which of the following?

　　(A) That the number of new temporary positions would decline as fewer workers who prerred temporary employment entered the workforce.

　　(B) That the total number of temporary positions would increase as fewer workers were able to find permanent positions

　　(C) That employers would have less control over the terms of workers’ employment as workers increased their bargaining strength.

　　(D) That more workers would be hired for temporary positions as product demand increased.

　　(E) That the number of workers taking temporary positions would increase as more workers in any given demographic group entered the workforce.

　　6. In the context of the passage, the word “excessive” (line 21) most closely corresponds to which of the following phrases?

　　(A) Far more than can be justified by worker prerences

　　(B) Far more than can be explained by fluctuations in product demand.

　　(C) Far more than can be benicial to the success of the firms themselves.

　　(D) Far more than can be accounted for by an expanding national economy.

　　(E) Far more than can be attributed to increases in the total number of people in the workforce.

　　7. The passage mentions each of the following as an appropriate kind of governmental action EXCEPT

　　(A) getting firms to offer temporary employment primarily to a certain group of people.

　　(B) encouraging equitable pay for temporary and permanent employees

　　(C) facilitating the organization of temporary workers by labor unions.

　　(D) establishing guidelines on the proportion of temporary workers that firms should employ

　　(E) ensuring that temporary workers obtain benits from their employers.

　　以上澳际留学持续为大家更新我们收集整理的GMAT阅读材料，希望能够为大家的GMAT考试备考提供帮助，祝同学们分数高高，顺利出国！

　　以下继续为大家更新澳际留学为大家收集整理的GMAT阅读材料，希望能够帮助大家复习备考GMAT考试。以下GMAT阅读材料可以做GMAT阅读模拟题使用，每篇都附有题目和答案，供大家参考使用。澳际留学祝大家GMAT考试顺利！

　　Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United states during the 1980&aposs to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups， such as first-time or(5)reentering workers， who supposedly prer such arrange- ments. However， statistical analyses reveal that demo- graphic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead， these analyses suggest that factors affecting.(10)employers account for the rise in temporary employ- ment. One factor is product demand： temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another(15)factor is labor&aposs reduced bargaining strength， which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses， which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of(20)groups said to prer temporary jobs， firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of tem- porary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benit coverage for temporary employees， promoting pay equity between temporary(25)and permanent workers， assisting labor unions in orga- nizing temporary workers， and encouraging firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that prerence. 上1234下

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