详解GMAT阅读常见题型解题策略(1).

　　GMAT阅读部分考试的常见题型有哪几类?考生应掌握哪些GMAT阅读考试的实用解题技巧?下面将通过实例来对GMAT阅读考试常见题型的解题技巧进行深入细致的分析，以供广大考生参考。

　　GMAT阅读文章的套路

　　正如前文中讲的那样，GMAT阅读的套路性极强，概括地说，GMAT阅读的套路大致分为以下五种： 新老观点对比型、结论解释型、现象解释型、结论解释型和特别套路：

　　1. 新老观点对比型

　　· 判断标志：此类文章一般会在第一段提出一个“老观点” 。此处的“老观点”是指过去的、传统、大家一致公认的观点。而且通常GMAT提出老观点的时候会给予一些语言的提示，例如：it was traditionally assumed…it was once / usually believed… Many ××believed that…Many ××have argued… It was frequently assumed that…the common beli It was universally accepted that…

　　· 接下去文章一般会提出新观点，通常会在第一段中部或第二段开头，而且也会有一些语言提示： 例如， But， Yet，However 或用时间状语表示强对比(例如 in the 1960‘s 和Recently)

　　范文节选：

　　It has been frequently assumed, but not proved, that the majority of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors: ……..

　　But the question of who actually lt the South has never been rigorously investigated. ……..

　　范文节选：

　　Federal forts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960&aposs when the Small Business Administration (SBA) ……..

　　Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the (15) minority business sector by moving away from directly.. ……..

　　·新观点特征：对同一主体给出不同的解释。

　　范文节选：

　　Seeking a competitive advantage, some professional service firms(for example, firms providing advertising, accounting, or health care services) have considered offering unconditional guarantees of satisfaction. 。。。。an unconditional guarantee can be an fective marketing tool if the ……..

　　However, an unconditional guarantee can sometimes hinder marketing forts. With its implication that fail……..

　　范文点评：

　　第一段说“无条件质量保证很有效” 而第二段首句说“无条件质量保证有时会阻碍营销活动”针对同一个“无条件质量保证”给出了截然相反的两个观点。

　　·行文套路：老观点--新观点---继续论述新观点

　　·阅读重点： 新观点

　　2、结论解释型

　　· 判断标志：开头是主题句(经常表现为判断句)，后面“展开具体内容”。

　　范文节选：

　　Recent years have brought minority-owned

　　businesses in the United States unprecedented

　　opportunities-as well as new and significant risks.

　　Civil rights activists have long argued that one of

　　(5) the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and

　　other minority groups have difficulty establishing

　　themselves in business is that they lack access to

　　the sizable orders and subcontracts that are gener-

　　ated by large companies. Now Congress, in appar-

　　(10) ent agreement, has required by law that businesses

　　awarded federal contracts of more than $500,000

　　do their best to find minority subcontractors and

　　record their forts to do so on forms filed with the

　　government. Indeed, some federal and local agen-

　　(15) cies have gone so far as to set specific percentage

　　goals for apportioning parts of public works con-

　　tracts to minority enterprises.

　　Corporate response appears to have been sub-

　　stantial. According to figures collected in 1977,

　　(20) the total of corporate contracts with minority busi-

　　nesses rose from $77 million in 1972 to $1. lbillion

　　in 1977. The projected total of corporate contracts

　　with minority businesses for the early 1980&aposs is

　　estimated to be over 53 billion per year with no

　　(25) letup anticipated in the next decade.

　　Promising as it is for minority businesses, this

　　increased patronage poses dangers for them, too.

　　First, minority firms risk expanding too fast and

　　overextending themselves financially, since most

　　(30) are small concerns and, unlike large businesses,

　　they often need to make substantial investments in

　　new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order

　　to perform work subcontracted to them. If, there-

　　after, their subcontracts are for some reason

　　(35) reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling

　　fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing

　　can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get

　　requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids.

　　Both consume valuable time and resources, and a

　　(40) small company&aposs forts must soon result in

　　orders, or both the morale and the financial health

　　of the business will suffer.

　　A second risk is that White-owned companies

　　may seek to cash in on the increasing apportion-

　　(45) ments through formation of joint ventures with

　　minority-owned concerns. Of course, in many

　　instances there are legitimate reasons for joint

　　ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises

　　can team up to acquire business that neither could

　　(50) acquire alone. But civil rights groups and minority

　　business owners have complained to Congress about

　　minorities being set up as "fronts" with White back-

　　ing, rather than being accepted as full partners in

　　legitimate joint ventures.

　　(55) Third, a minority enterprise that secures the

　　business of one large corporate customer often run

　　the danger of becoming--and remaining—dependent.

　　Even in the best of circumstances, fierce compe-

　　tition from larger, more established companies

　　(60) makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden

　　their customer bases: when such firms have nearly

　　guaranteed orders from a single corporate bene-

　　factor, they may truly have to struggle against

　　complacency arising from their current success.

　　范文点评：

　　文章开头说“近年来， 少数民族企业迎来了前所未有的发展机会，但同时也面临着风险”然后第二段说“企业对少数民族企业的反应很积极”;第三段说“尽管前景很光明，但是少数民族企业也面临着风险”并说了第一个风险;第四段和第五段分别说了第二和第三个风险。所以很明显首段首句是全文的主题句.

　　以上为大家较为全面的介绍了GMAT阅读常见题型的解题思路和技巧，考生可据此进行针对性的练习，掌握并熟练运用GMAT阅读考试的解题技巧，从而在短期内迅速提升GMAT阅读的考试成绩。 相关链接：

1.也谈GMAT阅读备考技巧及误区

2.GMAT阅读考试题型分析

3.GMAT机经汇总 1月31日更新GMAT阅读机经

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