详解GMAT阅读常见题型解题策略(2).

　　GMAT阅读部分考试的常见题型有哪几类?考生应掌握哪些GMAT阅读考试的实用解题技巧?下面将通过实例来对GMAT阅读考试常见题型的解题技巧进行深入细致的分析，以供广大考生参考。

　　· 主题句通常为首句;

　　· 行文套路：总分结构

　　3、现象解释型

　　· 判断标志：

　　a. 首段给出一个自然的或社会的现象，往往很古怪，下文对其做出解释。

　　b. 文章前半部出现phenomenon，文章中部出现to explain ,interpret文章后半部评论出现 explanation interpretation

　　范文节选：

　　Historians of women&aposs labor in the United States at first

　　largely disregarded the story of female service workers

　　-women earning wages in occupations such as salesclerk.

　　domestic servant, and office secretary. These historians

　　(5) focused instead on factory work, primarily because it

　　seemed so different from traditional, unpaid "women&aposs

　　work" in the home, and because the underlying economic

　　forces of industrialism were presumed to be gender-blind

　　and hence emancipatory in fect. Unfortunately, emanci-

　　(10) pation has been less profound than expected, for not even

　　industrial wage labor has escaped continued sex segre-

　　gation in the workplace.

　　To explain this unfinished revolution in the status of

　　women, historians have recently begun to emphasize the

　　( 15) way a prevailing dinition of femininity often etermines

　　the kinds of work allocated to women, even when such ……

　　范文点评：

　　文章开始说出了一个现象：“工厂里的女工也没有逃脱性别隔离”，第二段试图解释这一现象。

　　· 主题句一般是作者给予正评价的解释。

　　· 行文套路：phenomenon---explanation---author’s attitude

　　· 阅读重点： 作者的态度评价

　　范文

　　A mysterious phenomenon is the ability of over-water migrants to travel on course. Birds, bees, and other species can keep track of time without any sensory cues from the outside world, and such “biological clocks” clearly contribute to their “compass sense.” For example, they can use the position of the Sun or stars, along with the time of day, to find north. But compass sense alone cannot explain how birds navigate the ocean: after a flock traveling east is blown far south by a storm, it will assume the proper northeasterly course to compensate. Perhaps, some scientists thought, migrants determine their geographic position on Earth by celestial navigation, almost as human navigators use stars and planets, but this would demand of the animals a fantastic map sense. Researchers now know that some species have a magnetic sense, which might allow migrants to determine their geographic location by detecting variations in the strength of the Earth’s magnetic field.

　　范文点评：

　　文章一开始就提出一个神秘现象：“鸟类按固定路线飞行”，接下去提出了“生物钟”这种解释，结果作者用But否定了;然后又提出“天文导航”，同样作者也用but否定了;最后作者又提出“磁场感觉”，基本得到了作者的肯定.

　　4、问题解决、回答型

　　· 判断标志：

　　a. 首段出现了设问句。“How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted hang-glider and had wingspans from 8 to 12 meters, solved the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures were--reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.”

　　b. 首段出现了以下四个词语之一：Problem difficulty task puzzle challenge, criteria requirement “How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions.”“Excess inventory, a massive problem for many businesses, has several causes, some of which are unavoidable. Overstocks may accumulate through production overruns or …….

　　errors.”

　　· TS 作者给予正评价的解决方案。

　　· 行文套路：problem(question)---solution(answers)---author ‘s attitude

　　· 阅读重点： 作者的态度评价 “In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate(表示负评价的实义动词) the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930&aposs when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market.”

　　5、特别套路：

　　前面四种分类，都是根据文章的行文套路或者说是文章的“形式”来划分，而“特别套路”并非根据文章的“形式”，而是根据文章的“内容”，具体地说：如果有一篇GMAT文章是在“评述某人理论，评价某人著作或评判某人的观点”，那么这篇文章就是“特别套路”的GMAT文章。

　　· 判断标志

　　a. 开头出现：人名 (大写字母)+书名(斜体字母)Joseph Glarthaar&aposs Forged in Battle is not the first excellent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War, but it uses more soldiers&apos letters and diaries

　　b. 开头出现：人名+study, work analysis

　　· 主题句一般不是很明显，主要表现为对作品或观点的多个并列评价

　　· 行文套路

　　a. 一般会与前人比较，说出相同点(like)，但是后面的部分必然会出现表示强对比(unlike)或强转折或 (But Yet However)的词汇，说明作者评价的这部作品或观点是“出彩”的

　　b. 对作品或观点的评价以正评价为主。

　　· 阅读重点： 作者的态度评价 (在GMAT文章中，作者主要使用情态动词、 自由褒贬词和实义动词来表示自己的评价)

　　最后，所有人都在说GMAT的阅读很难。我希望各位读者在不断提高英语水平的同时，注重把握这个考试所具有的独特规律性和GMAT文章所特有的套路，并辅之以大量练习。这样，你最终会感到自己原来以为极其困难的阅读，也可以变得较容易。我认为套路是考生得以在极短的时间内迅速把握GMAT文章的主干的最重要的“利器”，所谓“工欲善其事，必先利其器”，所以大家想要“善”GMAT这个“事”，必须要在揣摩GAMT文章的套路上多下点功夫.

　　以上为大家较为全面的介绍了GMAT阅读常见题型的解题思路和技巧，考生可据此进行针对性的练习，掌握并熟练运用GMAT阅读考试的解题技巧，从而在短期内迅速提升GMAT阅读的考试成绩。 相关链接：

1.详解GMAT阅读常见题型解题策略(1)

2.GMAT阅读备考策略指南

3.GMAT考试 1月29日更新GMAT阅读机经(六)

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