GMAT阅读技巧之实例讲解.

　　GMAT阅读文章是考生感觉比较头疼的一个部分，除了单词外，还有一些GMAT阅读技巧的掌握也和重要，那么到底有哪些GMAT阅读技巧呢，下面就由澳际小编分享给大家，希望对大家有所帮助，文中观点仅供参考。

　　做题方法：

　　第一步：通读全文，寻找主旨句，并做笔记，看各段首句，记专有名词

　　Traditionally,[Pt1] the first firm to commercialize a new technology has benited from the unique opportunity to shape product dinitions, forcing followers to adapt to a standard or invest in an unproven alternative. Today, [Pt2] however,[Pt3] the largest payoffs may go to companies that lead in developing integrated approaches for successful mass production and distribution.(TS)

　　Producers of the Beta[Pt4] format for videocassette recorders (VCRs), for example[Pt5] , were first to

　　develop the VCR commercially in 1975, but[Pt6] producers of the rival VHS (Video Home System) format proved to be more successful at forming strategic alliances with other producers and distributors to manufacture and market their VCR format. Seeking to maintain exclusive control over VCR distribution, Beta producers were reluctant to form such alliances and eventually lost ground to VHS in the competition for the global VCR market.

　　Despite [Pt7] Beta’s substantial technological head start and the fact that VHS was neither technically better nor cheaper than Beta, developers of VHS quickly turned a slight early lead in sales into a dominant position. Strategic alignments with producers of prerecorded tapes reinforced the VHS advantage. The perception among consumers that prerecorded tapes were more available in VHS format further expanded VHS’s share of the market. By the end of the 1980s, Beta was no longer in

　　production.

　　笔记：新老(表明文章类型，提示自己套路：文章套路、解题套路)

　　P1：TS: L5-8(篇幅问题，在此不能为大家呈现行数，麻烦自行核对书本啦~)

　　P2：Beta VCR VHS(e.g.)

　　P3：e.g.

　　笔记不宜多，不宜细，但是一定要清晰，列明段落和行数帮助定位。

　　第二步：审题，判断题目类型，结合不同类型题目运用不同方法解题

　　12. The passage is primarily concerned with which of the following?(主旨题，第一题常为主旨题)

　　(A) Evaluating two competing technologies

　　(B) Tracing the impact of a new technology by narrating a sequence of events

　　(C) Reinterpreting an event from contemporary business history

　　(D) Illustrating a business strategy by means of a case history

　　(E) Proposing an innovative approach to business planning

　　其实单凭动词就能判断正确选项。

　　A 评价 B 回顾历史 C 重新解读 D 举例说明 E 提出

　　本文属于新老观点对比型，最重要的部分是如何否定老观点提出新观点，本文的方法就是举例子，举Beta公司失败的例子支持新观点。

　　13. According to the passage, today’s[Pt8] successful firms, unlike successful firms in the past, may earn the greatest profits[Pt9] by(细节题，通常每篇都有)

　　(A) investing in research to produce cheaper versions of existing technology

　　(B) being the first to market a competing technology

　　(C) adapting rapidly to a technological standard previously set by a competing firm

　　(D) establishing technological leadership in order to shape product dinitions in advance of competing firms

　　(E) emphasizing the development of methods for the mass production and distribution of a new technology

　　依据：the largest payoffs may go to companies that lead in developing integrated approaches for successful mass production and distribution.

　　通过对TW进行同义转换→定位到原文，然后再对原文进行同义转换→定位到答案

　　14. According to the passage, consumers [Pt10] began to develop a prerence for VCRs [Pt11] in the VHS format because they believed which of the following?(细节题)

　　(A) VCRs in the VHS format were technically better than competing format VCRs.

　　(B) VCRs in the VHS format were less expensive than competing format VCRs.

　　(C) VHS was the first standard format for VCRs.

　　(D) VHS prerecorded videotapes were more available than those in Beta format.

　　(E) VCRs in the Beta format would soon cease to be produced.(无比较)

　　依据：Despite Beta’s substantial technological head start and the fact that VHS was neither technically better nor cheaper than Beta, developers of VHS quickly turned a slight early lead in sales into a dominant position. Strategic alignments with producers of prerecorded tapes reinforced the VHS advantage. The perception among consumers that prerecorded tapes were more available[Pt12] in VHS format further expanded VHS’s share of the market. By the end of the 1980s, Beta was no longer in

　　production.

　　题目中问消费者believe什么?原文正好有perception的同位语从句说明believe的宾语

　　然后再根据“比较”原则，就可以轻松排除错误选项啦!

　　15. The author implies that one way that VHS producers won control over the VCR market was by(推断题，难题!)请注意：依据的出现顺序与题目的出现顺序无关。意即：在原文中，并非前一题的依据一定在后一题的依据之前。本题就是一个典型的例子

　　(A) carully restricting access to VCR technology

　　(B) giving up a slight early lead in VCR sales in order to improve long-term prospects

　　(C) retaining a strict monopoly on the production of prerecorded videotapes

　　(D) sharing control of the marketing of VHS format VCRs

　　(E) sacrificing technological superiority over Beta format VCRs in order to remain competitive in price

　　根据题干核心意思，定位原文：

　　Producers of the Beta format for videocassette recorders (VCRs), for example, were first to develop the VCR commercially in 1975, but producers of the rival VHS (Video Home System) format proved to be more successful at forming strategic alliances with other producers and distributors to manufacture and market their VCR format. Seeking to maintain exclusive control over VCR distribution, Beta producers were reluctant to form such alliances and eventually lost ground to VHS in the competition for the global VCR market.

　　原文从2个角度论述这个问题，VHS厂家积极form strategic alliance，而VCR厂家(Beta)拒绝form strategic alliance。这就是2者的不同，也是VHS厂家成功的原因。

　　所以核心词是：strategic alliance战略联盟，但正确选项通常不会直接出现原词原句，必定会做出改写。战略联盟就是几家公司合作，联合成立公司，自然会分享控制力，所以D选项的表达：share control就是strategic alliance的同意表达啦~(这里这个同义转换比较困难，所以本题还是有一定难度滴!楼主这题也做错了!)

　　16. The alignment of producers of VHS format VCRs with producers of prerecorded videotapes [Pt13] is most similar to which of the following?(类比题，难题!)

　　(A) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with another automobile manufacturer to adopt a standard design for automobile engines

　　(B) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with an automotive glass company whereby the manufacturer agrees to purchase automobile windshields only from that one glass company

　　(C) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with a petroleum company to ensure the widespread availability of the fuel required by a new type of engine developed by the manufacturer

　　(D) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with its dealers to adopt a plan to improve automobile design

　　(E) The alignment of an automobile dealer with an automobile rental chain to adopt a strategy for an advertising campaign to promote a new type of automobile

　　类比题的关键就是抓本质!方法：读原文，找特点，抓本质!

　　题目问的是VHS和VCR厂商的联手与以下哪种情况相同。

　　他们的联手有2个特点：

　　1、VHS和VCR不存在竞争关系;

　　2、联手能够确保兼容，方便消费者使用，增加VHS销售量

　　本质就是：无竞争关系的两个厂家联手，一方确保另一方的销量

　　A 两个个汽车厂使用同一种发动机设计标准。(2个汽车厂家必然是竞争关系，错!)

　　B 一个汽车厂只从某一汽车玻璃厂购买挡风玻璃(这叫特许经营啊，不是战略联盟~汽车厂并不是依靠买这家玻璃厂的玻璃才保证了销量的，错!)

　　C 一个汽车厂和一个汽油公司联手，确保汽车公司新款发动机有汽油使(汽车厂和汽油公司无竞争关系，联手后确保汽车厂新发动机能正常使用)

　　D 汽车厂和其经销商制定一个改善汽车设计的方案(原文中两个厂家是同级关系，但汽车厂和其经销商的关系不是同级的关系，而是上下级的关系，错!)

　　E 汽车经销商与汽车租赁连锁店共同宣传一款新车(不存在竞争关系，但二者并无一方依靠另一方以保证销量的关系，错!)

　　类比题确实不容易做，因为它要求我们具有一个透过现象看本质的能力，这就不仅仅是在考察我们的阅读能力了，还考察了我们的思维能力。事实上，GMAT阅读几个比较有特色的题型(也是比较有难度的题型)：取非题、逻辑题、类比题都是在考查阅读能力之外，更考察我们的思维能力，也是因此使答案变得更加抽象，做法也很特别。希望大家能够在不断的练习中反复摸索，争取早日参透其奥秘!

　　17. Which of the following best describes the relation of the first paragraph to the passage as a whole?(写法主旨题)

　　(A) It makes a general observation to be exemplified.

　　(B) It outlines a process to be analyzed.

　　(C) It poses a question to be answered.

　　(D) It advances an argument to be disputed.

　　(E) It introduces conflicting arguments to be reconciled.

　　题干问第一段与后文的关系，通过刚才的分析我们已经知道，本文第2、3段都是在举例说明第1段中提出的新观点。所以，关键词就是：举例(同12题方法，看动词)

　　标志词，老观点

　　标志词，新观点

　　强转折!重点看!

　　专有名词，做笔记，以下是在举例说明

　　举例子，看如何支持新观点

　　but之后的部分是重点

　　“尽管”的部分，不用细看，“，”之后的部分才是重点

　　提示定位到“新观点”的部分

　　TW，对其进行同义转换，就能找到原文the largest payoffs may go to，因此本文的依据就是TS这句

　　主语，可以帮助细化范围，定位到P3

　　两个词在题干和选项中都反复出现，必然是TW，但是P2、P3中都出现了，范围太大，不能用于定位

　　原文有对比，正确选项必须也有对比。对比方向必须一致(原文说A比B好，正确选项中也得说A比B好)，对比的内容必须相同

　　需要类比的对象，找到原文，阅读之后抓住其本质!

　　这是一道选自于OG的GMAT阅读题目，给出非常详细的GMAT阅读技巧讲解，考生朋友不犯用上面的方法分析别的OG题目相信一定会获益不少，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。