详解GMAT语法必备语法知识点：限定性修饰(三).

　　想要迅速提高GMAT语法成绩，考生就需要熟练掌握一些GMAT语法考试中必备的基础知识点，并在解题的过程中灵活运用。下面就来对限定性修饰在GMAT语法中的使用方法进行归纳和总结。

　　212. The Baldrick Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving the ficiency of its distribution system.

　　(A) aimed at decreasing operating costs and improving

　　(B) aimed at the decreasing of operating costs and to improve

　　(C) aiming at the decreasing of operating costs and improving

　　(D) the aim of which is the decreasing of operating costs and improving(A)

　　(E) with the aim to decrease operating costs and to improve

　　Also, with the aim... improve can easily be construed as rerring to the Baldrick Manufacturing Company and so does not rer unequivocally to policy.With在句子的谓语动词之后, 特别是在句末, 跟在名词后面, 很容易引起歧义, 因为分不清究竟限定修饰名词, 还是做谓语的伴随.

　　但当with前面的名词是特指, 不可以被限定性修饰, 这个禁忌就不存在.

　　56. Architects and stonemasons, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benit of the wheel or animal transport.

　　(A) huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benit of the wheel or animal transport

　　(B) without the benits of animal transport or the wheel, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya

　　(C) the Maya built huge palace and temple clusters without the benit of animal transport or the wheel

　　(D) there were built, without the benit of the wheel or animal transport, huge palace and temple clusters by the Maya (C)

　　(E) were the Maya who, without the benit of the wheel or animal transport, built huge palace and temple clusters

　　这个without没有歧义, 肯定做伴随. 因为the Maya不可能被限定(Maya人就是Maya人, 不能说什么样的Maya人造了…言下之意, 还有另外一部分Maya人没有参与建造, 而句子本身要表达的意思是整体Maya人, 即使要对其进行修饰, 也只能是非限定性修饰.) 另外还有一些因为是特指而不会引起歧义的例子:

　　128. New hardy varieties of rice show promise of pro-ducing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.

　　(A) requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties

　　(B) requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation

　　(C) requirements for application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation of earlier high-yielding varieties

　　(D) application of commercial fertilizer and irriga-tion that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties

　　(E) irrigation and application of commercial fertil-izer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties

　　146. A patient accusing a doctor of malpractice will find it difficult to prove damage if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify about proper medical proce-dures.

　　(A) if there is a lack of some other doctor totestify

　　(B) unless there will be another doctor to testify

　　(C) without another doctor&aposs testimony

　　(D) should there be no testimony from some other doctor (C)

　　(E) lacking another doctor to testify

　　以上对限定性修饰在GMAT语法中的常见使用方式和规律进行了较为详细的阐述，考生不妨以此为鉴，通过反复练习逐步掌握其在GAMT语法考试中的使用规律，从而在GMAT语法考试中发挥出更好的水平。 相关链接：

1.GMAT考试 12月14日GMAT语法机经更新（四）

2.GMAT考试 12月14日GMAT语法机经更新（三）

3.GMAT考试 12月14日GMAT语法机经更新（二）

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