GMAT语法知识点详解（十）.

　　从今天开始澳际留学小编会为大家整理一些有关GMAT语法的试题，并附有这些试题的讲解以及GMAT语法知识点。红色标注的为每道题的正确选项，关于每道题解析中一开始的考点说明会有列举得比较详细，建议参看的战友第一次看本笔记时先跳过那些考点说明，直接看选项分析，有不懂的点再回头核对相关知识点。为不强加思维于众考生，笔记里面大多题目并没有点出做题的思维方式，只分析了错误的语法点。希望这些分析以及相关语法知识能帮到大家。更多相关问题可咨询澳际留学在线专家，如果有任何意见和建议，也请联系我们。

189. (OG12-123)

　　She was less successful after she had emigrated to New York compared to her native Germany, photographer Lotte Jacobi nevertheless earned a small group of discerning admirers, and her photographs were eventually exhibited in prestigious galleries across the United States.

　　A. She was less successful after she had emigrated to New York compared to

　　B. Being less successful after she had emigrated to New York as compared to

　　C. Less successful after she emigrated to New York than she had been in

　　D. Although she was less successful after emigrating to New York when compared to (C)

　　E. She had been less successful after emigrating to New York than in

　　题目释义：she…..,photographer LJ….,and ……

　　考点：

　　句子结构，比较对象对等

　　1. Less要与than搭配，不能与(as) compared to搭配。

　　2. Run-on sentence.

　　aeoluseros关于run-on sentence知识点的补充说明：

　　找过很多解释，包括一些语法书(也包括老外的)、百度，始终觉得措辞上不合适，不过在一本手册上终于看到了满意的解释：

　　run-on sentence 连写句：

　　连写句指错误将两个独立分句合写在一个句子里面没有正确地用标点分离。

　　连写句有两种类型：

　　溶合句(fused sentence)：根本不使用标点把两个独立分句合写在一个句子里

　　逗号错误(comma splice):使用逗号但没有并列连词将两个独立分句写在一个句子里。

　　BTW: 所谓的独立分句即"主句"，其对应的是"从句"，都属于"分句"。

　　而run-on sentence的重点在于其改正方法：

　　1) 分为两个句子

　　2) 用一个逗号加上and, but, or或者其他并列连词

　　3) 两个句子中间使用分号

　　This sentence compares the success J experienced after moving to New York to the success she had previously experienced in Germany. The phrase less successful anticipates the conclusion of the comparison with the phrase than… . The main subject of the sentence is photographer LJ , and the main verb is earned . The opening clause She was less successful…. Therore creates a comma splice if the comma is not followed by a conjunction. The most ficient way to incorporate the information about J’s comparative successes in Germany and in New York is to turn the clause into an adjectival phase describing J. (FROM OG12)

　　选项分析：

　　A.Less successful… anticipates than rather than compared to… ; a comma is insufficient to join two independent clauses into a single sentence.

　　B.As compare to is an incorrect way to complete the comparison introduced by less; being… is unnecessarily wordy and awkward.

　　C.Correct.

　　D. When compared to is an incorrect phrase to complete the comparison introduced by less.

　　E. A comma is insufficient to join two independent clauses into a single sentence; past-perfect tense is misleading, since it rers to J’s experience in New York, which in fact followed her experience in Germany.

　　190.

　　The thirteen original British colonies in North America, some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens, each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and the rights of the colonists.

　　A. some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens, each had a written charter

　　B. some being formed as a commercial venture, others as religious havens, all of which had written charters

　　C. some that formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens, all had written charters

　　D. with some being formed as a commercial venture, others as religious havens, all had a written charter (A)

　　E. with some formed as commercial ventures, while others as religious havens, each had a written charter

　　题目释义：The thirteen…., some…, others…, each…

　　考点：

　　1. 独立主格，表示伴随，所以必须修饰主谓宾结构，而非主系表结构。

　　独立主格三种形式：

　　1)一般形式(独立部分与主句部分无太多关联)n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语

　　2)with形式(与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系)：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语

　　3)each形式(必须前面有复数名词)： each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语

　　*：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘。

　　2. 固定搭配some…others

　　3. set forth 阐明, 宣布, 提出, 陈列, 出发

　　选项分析：

　　A. Correct;some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens做为the thirteen original British colonies in North America的同位语，each为the thirteen original British colonies的同位语

　　B. Being多余;all与后面的its 单复形式不统一;全句缺少谓语动词

　　C. some that formed结构中some在定语从句中做主语，主动行使form动作错误;all与后面的its 单复形式不统一

　　D. with的存在使得some并不是指代colonies，而是与colonies相关的东西;all与后面的its单复形式不统一;这里with并没有夹心修饰的歧义，因为all/each和colonies是同一样东西，所以向前向后修饰逻辑上都一样(夹心修饰见prep 1-207补充说明)。

　　E. with的存在使得some不是指代colonies，而是与colonies相关的东西;while多余，因为后面的others as religious havens中没有谓语动词，while必须省(如果有谓语动词则不能省，如Some cleaned the windows, while others mopped the floor)。

　　相关链接：

1.GMAT作文点评与分析(四)

2.GMAT语法OG知识点集锦

3.740分考生细谈GMAT语法备考