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澳际留学整理更新2011gmat机经，以下2011年7月gmat作文机经完整更新，2011年7月5日至7月24日，AA篇，共41题。前1-24题见 2011年gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.10)(一) 25-38题见 2011gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.20)(一) 澳际留学祝大家考试顺利!
40. The following appeared in a memorandum from the business department of the Apogee Company:
“When the Apogee Company had all its operations in one location, it was more profitable than it is today. Therore, the Apogee Company should close down its field offices and conduct all its operations from a single location. Such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping the company maintains better supervision of all employees.”（2）
下面摘自APogee公司的商务部门的备忘录： 当Apogee将它所有的业务部门集中在一处时，它将有比现在更多的利润。因此，Apogee应该关闭它的驻外办公室并从单一场所管理它的所有部门。这样的话，集中会通过削减成本提高利润，并帮助公司更好地对所有员工进行监督。
提供观点：
1. causal oversimplification: It is imprudent to conclude that the establishment of the field offices is the only reason explaining the decline of the profit.
2. all things are equal: The success of the centralization of the past does not guarantee the applicability in the future.
3. either-or-or choice: The author assumes that the centralization and the establishment of field offices are mutually exclusive alternatives, there is no middle ground between they two. In fact, we can have the field offices under centralized control.
北美范文：
In this argument the author concludes that the Apogee Company should close down field offices and conduct all its operations from a single, centralized location because the company had been more profitable in the past when all its operations were in one location. For a couple of reasons, this argument is not very convincing.
First, the author assumes that centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and streamlining supervision of employees. This assumption is never supported with any data or projections. Moreover, the assumption fails to take into account cost increases and inficiency that could result from centralization. For instance, company representatives would have to travel to do business in areas formerly served by a field office, creating travel costs and loss of critical time. In short, this assumption must be supported with a thorough cost-benit analysis of centralization versus other possible cost-cutting and/or profit-enhancing strategies.
Second, the only reason offered by the author is the claim that Apogee was more profitable when it had operated from a single, centralized location. But is centralization the only difference relevant to greater past profitability? It is entirely possible that management has become lax regarding any number of factors that can affect the bottom line (帐本底线) such as inferior products, careless product pricing, inficient production, poor employee expense account monitoring, infective advertising, sloppy buying policies and other wastul spending. Unless the author can rule out other factors relevant to diminishing profits, this argument commits the fallacy of assuming that just because one event (decreasing profits) follows another (decentralization), the second event has been caused by the first.
In conclusion, this is a weak argument. To strengthen the conclusion that Apogee should close field offices and centralize, this author must provide a thorough cost-benit analysis of available alternatives and rule out factors other than decentralization that might be affecting current profits negatively.
以上澳际留学为大家更新2011gmat机经，以上2011年7月gmat作文机经完整更新，2011年7月5日至7月24日，AA篇，共41题。前1-24题见 2011年gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.10)(一) 25-38题见 2011gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.20)(一)澳际留学祝大家考试顺利!
gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA完整版(至7.24)(二)gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA完整版(至7.24)(二)澳际留学整理更新2011gmat机经，以下2011年7月gmat作文机经完整更新，2011年7月5日至7月24日，AA篇，共41题。前1-24题见 2011年gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.10)(一) 25-38题见 2011gmat机经,7月gmat作文机经AA(至7.20)(一) 澳际留学祝大家考试顺利!
40. The following appeared in a memorandum from the business department of the Apogee Company:
“When the Apogee Company had all its operations in one location, it was more profitable than it is today. Therore, the Apogee Company should close down its field offices and conduct all its operations from a single location. Such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping the company maintains better supervision of all employees.”（2）
下面摘自APogee公司的商务部门的备忘录： 当Apogee将它所有的业务部门集中在一处时，它将有比现在更多的利润。因此，Apogee应该关闭它的驻外办公室并从单一场所管理它的所有部门。这样的话，集中会通过削减成本提高利润，并帮助公司更好地对所有员工进行监督。
提供观点：
1. causal oversimplification: It is imprudent to conclude that the establishment of the field offices is the only reason explaining the decline of the profit.
2. all things are equal: The success of the centralization of the past does not guarantee the applicability in the future.
3. either-or-or choice: The author assumes that the centralization and the establishment of field offices are mutually exclusive alternatives, there is no middle ground between they two. In fact, we can have the field offices under centralized control. 上12下
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