12月新鲜出炉GMAT阅读机经：关于Inflation的观点.

　　窝在被子里的你看着外面的呼啸大风是否不禁打了个寒颤呢?澳际小编就在这寒冬中为大家吹来一股GMAT机经的暖风，为大家分享关于Inflation的观点的机经，希望大家能感受到这股暖意，并把它化为能量，在GMAT考试的道路上勇往直前。

　　狗狗1、1. 关于Inflation的新旧两个观点。很多Economic关系。unemployment rate, demand, supply etc.。最后一段提到了technology advance & labor ficiency.

　　考古24、失业率和通胀率

　　P1：

　　提出失业率(unemployement)和通胀率(inflation rate)的关系：

　　一种传统的理论认为失业率像其它商品一样，反映了劳动力市场的供需情况，失业率下降，证明劳动力需求增加，员工工资就会增加，就会引起通货膨胀/影响通胀率(inflation rate)。

　　这个传统观点有个概念，自然失业率(NAIRU, non accelerating inflation rate of unemployment)，给出定义：这个NAIRU是用来找在通胀稳定(inflation stable)时的失业率(unemployement)的/是计算两者关系的/经济学家希望通过这个关系式找出失业率下降到何种程度不会引起通货膨胀，最后算出来是6。

　　但是怪现象：1990年时2个率都下降且1990s接着下降/美国九十年代后期失业率下降，通胀也下降/有一个时间段美国的失业率和通胀率并没有呈现出该理论预期的相关性，违背了NAIRU理论。用了几个数据 6% 5.6% 2%。

　　P2：

　　两个观点所认为的对model的影响因素。

　　传统观点(NAIRU/traditional economists)认为这些变化是临时的(transitory)，并解释了许多因素影响了预测，比如员工的年龄(age of workers)、计算方法的变化、美元货币坚挺、医疗等四五个原因。(Q2)

　　现代观点(New/modern economy/Classical/Keynesian/economists)认为是因为：

　　(1)技术进步(technology) 提高了效率并根本降低了商品的成本;

　　(2)由此带来企业重组(restructure)等变化使得员工没有安全感(insecurity)，因此在找工作的时候就更加注重这个工作带给他的安全感(security)，所以现金形式的收入下降了/在收入上会做出妥协。

　　**Q1：主旨题。

　　一个经济现象出现了不同结果，提供了可能的解释(possible explainations)。

　　确认。

　　***Q2：以下哪个不是影响因素/下列哪些因素没有在文章提到过?(列举题/细节题/EXCEPT)

　　本月狗主：我记得有个选项是health care

　　对照该小列举找出即可。

　　确认。

　　**Q3：高亮了tradition，问哪个选项是传统观点的看法?(Highlight)

　　跟transitory有关。

　　本月狗主：因为第二段我记得是比较了下文中的两观点，有提到过traditional是什么。

　　确认。

　　Q4：关于security的问题

　　**Q5：undermine最后一句话。/哪一个会削弱反驳的观点?

　　技术不会永远进步。

　　本月狗主：第5题我记得答案没有科技永远不会进步，相关的是A，是说科技会一直进步，会削减eliminate工人们的不安全感。我没选，选的是一个说公司的productivity will not increase infinitely。但是现在想想A也有道理，削减工人的不安全感直接对后面的重组导致工人感觉不安全理论的assumption是削弱，可能是我选错了。

　　本月狗主：这题我选的不是寂静的答案，我的选项是技术会进步，所以是加强而不是削弱，最后我选的是类似员工效率不可能无限制增强。

　　V4疑似原文

　　一般有两种方法，一个是，另一个是。但是，一个的问题是，另一个的问题是

　　Prep 1

　　Essay #10. 154 (22742-!-item-!-188;#058&00154-00)

　　Conventional wisdom has it that large dicits赤字 in the United States budget cause interest rates to rise. Two main arguments are given for this claim. According to the first, as the dicit increases, the government will borrow more to make up for the ensuing shortage of funds. Consequently, it is argued, if both the total supply of credit (money available for borrowing) and the amount of credit sought by nongovernment borrowers remain relatively stable, as is often supposed, then the price of credit (the interest rate) will increase. That this is so is suggested by the basic economic principles that if supplies of a commodity (here, credit) remain fixed and demand for that commodity increases, its price will also increase. The second argument supposes that the government will tend to finance its dicits by increasing the money supply with insufficient regard for whether there is enough room for economic growth to enable such an increase to occur without causing inflation. It is then argued that financiers will expect the dicit to cause inflation and will raise interest rates, anticipating that because of inflation the money they lend will be worth less when paid back.

　　Unfortunately for the first argument, it is unreasonable to assume that nongovernment borrowing and the supply of credit will remain relatively stable. Nongovernment borrowing sometimes decreases. When it does, increased government borrowing will not necessarily push up the total demand for credit. Alternatively, when credit availability increases, for example through greater foreign lending to the United States, then interest rates need not rise, even if both private and government borrowing increase.

　　The second argument is also problematic. Financing the dicit by increasing the money supply should cause inflation only when there is not enough room for economic growth. Currently, there is no reason to expect dicits to cause inflation. However, since many financiers believe that dicits ordinarily create inflation, then admittedly they will be inclined使倾向 to raise interest rates to offset mistakenly anticipated inflation. This fect, however, is due to ignorance无知愚昧, not to the dicit itself, and could be lessened by educating financiers on this issue.

　　Question #33. 154-01 (22788-!-item-!-188;#058&000154-01)

　　Which of the following best summarizes the central idea of the passage? C

　　(A) A decrease in nongovernment borrowing or an increase in the availability of credit can eliminate or lessen the ill fects of increased borrowing by the government.

　　(B) Educating financiers about the true relationship between large federal dicits and high interest rates will make financiers less prone to raise interest rates in response to dicits.

　　(C) There is little support for the widely held beli that large federal dicits will create higher interest rates, as the main arguments given to dend辩解 this claim are flawed.

　　(D) When the government borrows money, demand for credit increases, typically creating higher interest rates unless special conditions such as decreased consumer spending arise.

　　(E) Given that most financiers believe in a cause-and-fect relationship between large dicits and high interest rates, it should be expected that financiers will raise interest rates.

　　Question #34. 154-03 (22834-!-item-!-188;#058&000154-03)

　　It can be inferred from the passage that proponents of the second argument would most likely agree with which of the following statements? C

　　(A) The United States government does not usually care whether or not inflation increases.

　　(B) People in the United States government generally know very little about economics.

　　(C) The United States government is sometimes careless in formulating系统地表达 its economic policies.

　　(D) The United States government sometimes relies too much on the easy availability of foreign credit.

　　(E) The United States government increases the money supply whenever there is enough room for growth to support the increase.

　　Question #35. 154-07 (22880-!-item-!-188;#058&000154-07)

　　Which of the following claims concerning the United States government&aposs financing of the dicit does the author make in discussing the second argument? E

　　(A) The government will decrease the money supply in times when the government does not have a dicit to finance.

　　(B) The government finances its dicits by increasing the money supply whenever the economy is expanding.

　　(C) As long as the government finances the dicit by borrowing, nongovernment borrowers will pay higher interest rates.

　　(D) The only way for the government to finance its dicits is to increase the money supply without regard for whether such an increase would cause inflation.

　　(E) Inflation should be caused when the government finances the dicit by increasing the money supply only if there is not enough room for economic growth to support the increase.

　　Question #36. 154-08 (22926-!-item-!-188;#058&000154-08) A

　　The author uses the term "admittedly诚然" (see highlighted text) in order to indicate that

　　(A) the second argument has some truth to it, though not for the reasons usually supposed

　　(B) the author has not been successful in attempting to point out inadequacies in the two arguments

　　(C) the thesis that large dicits directly cause interest rates to rise has strong support after all

　　(D) financiers should admit that they were wrong in thinking that large dicits will cause higher inflation rates

　　(E) financiers generally do not think that the author&aposs criticisms of the second argument are worthy of consideration

　　以上就是关于GMAT机经的全部内容，考生朋友可以有选择的看看，最后需要提醒各位的是，GMAT机经虽然会对我们解题有所帮助，但是在考场中即使题目很像也要避免秒选，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。