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新GRE阅读长难句深刻解析及训练指导(二十九).

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  对于新GRE阅读来说,除了逻辑关系以外,最难的部分就是新GRE阅读长难句理解的问题了。长难句解读是新GRE阅读考试的一个考点,在美国读研中,也经常会碰到长句、难句。所以复习好GRE阅读长难句不仅对于考试,更是对于美国留学都是非常有好处的功课。下面将为大家进行GRE长难句复习解析,帮助考生们攻克这一难关。

  89.The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential.(3+)

  一个社会所创造出来藉以使其自身生生不息、恒久不衰的方法得以形成产生,以保存在这个社会看来具有本质意义的文化遗产的各个方面。

  难句类型:复杂修饰

  解释:本句是前面所举的复杂修饰类难句的例句,已经有所详述。

  意群训练:The methodsthat a community devisesto perpetuate itselfcome into beingto preserve aspectsof the cultural legacythatthat communityperceives as essential.

  90. Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used.(4)

  传统上,风媒传粉被看成是这样的繁殖过程:其特征就是由一些随即事件的发生,在这些随机事件里,风的反复无常被大量的产生花粉所补偿,以至于新种子的最终产生被保证了,其代价是产生远远多于实际使用量的花粉。

  解释:笔者曾经遇到过一个同学,下课以后来找我,说这篇文章读得不好,因为首段的两句话看不懂。这篇文章的首段很长,但仅由两句话构成,不但讲述了老观点的内容,而且解释了这篇文章的主题的所在,从这里我们可以看出在现场迅速读懂难句的重要性。Marked by之后的内容修饰reproductive process的。其后的random events后面又跟着一个定语从句来修饰它。从句中的被动语态the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen有些特殊,因为文中不是按照中文的习惯说are compensated,而是说compensated for,这是由于主语the vagaries of the wind并不是被补偿的对象,而是补偿的对象,后面的at the expense of是以…为代价的意思。

  意群训练:Traditionally, pollination by windhas been viewedas a reproductive processmarked by random eventsin which thevagaries of the windare compensated forby the generationof vast quantitiesof pollen, so thatthe ultimate productionof new seedsis assuredat the expenseof producing much more pollenthan is actually used.

  91.Becausethe potential hazardspollen grainsare subject toas they are transportedover long distancesare enormous,wind pollinated plantshave,in the view above,compensated forthe ensuingloss of pollen through happenstanceby virtue ofproducing an amount of pollenthat is one to three orders of magnitudegreater thanthe amount producedby speciespollinated by insects.(5)

  由于花粉粒在其长距离的运输过程中所要面临的潜在危险是巨大的,按上述观点来看,由风授粉的植物补偿了通过偶发事件而伴随造成的花粉损失。其途径是,制造出大于昆虫授粉的植物种类所产生的花粉量的一至三个数量级的花粉量。

  难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、省略

  解释:本句就是上面所说的构成本篇文章首段的第二句话,而且本句的难度超过上一句。本句一上来就不好读,Because the potential hazards that pollen grains are subject to as they are transported over long distances are enormous,其中主语后的pollen grains are subject to本来就是一个定语从句,但是由于主语the potential hazards在从句中作介词to的宾语,所以引导词that被省略,这就显得句子的结构模糊不清,再加上as引导的状语从句,隔开了主语和谓语,给读者造成了较大的阅读困难。后面的分句中,句子的结构更为复杂:插入语、定语和状语层层相套。有两个词组需要解释一下:orders of magnitude指的是数量级,其中order是等级、级别的意思,而magnitude在此不是指重要、星球的光亮度,指的是尺寸大小和数量多少的程度,同义词是size, quantity, number。后面的species pollinated by insects特指虫媒植物。

  以上就是新GRE阅读长难句复习的一些分析,将各种长难句进行分类,并将其中的重点提炼,进行讲解。做到举一反三的进行复习。希望考生们掌握这些新GRE阅读长难句的难点及特点,在考试乃至未来的留学生活中都获得理想的成果。

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