2017年6月27日雅思阅读真题回忆.

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　　Passage 1

　　题材：人物传记

　　新旧情况：旧题

　　题目：Alfred Nobel----The man behind the Nobel �Prize

　　题型：判断6+summary 7

　　近似文章：

　　Alfred Nobel

　　The man behind the Nobel Prize

　　A Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been honoring men and women from all �comers of the globe for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, �medicine, literature, and for work in peace. The foundations for the prize were �laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will, leaving much of his wealth �to the establishment of the Nobel Prize.

　　B Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm on October21, 1833. His father �Immanuel Nobel was an engineer and inventor who built bridges and buildings in �Stockholm. In connection with his construction work Immanuel Nobel also �experimented with different techniques for blasting rocks. Successful in his �industrial and business ventures, Immanuel Nobel was able, in1842, to bring his �family to St. Petersburg. There, his sons were given a first class education by �private teachers. The training included natural sciences, languages and �literature. By the age of 17 Alfred Nobel was fluent in Swedish, Russian, �French, English and German. His primary interests were in English literature and �poetry as well as in chemistry and physics. Alfred’s father, who wanted his sons �to join his enterprise as engineers, disliked Alfred’s interest in poetry and �found his son rather introverted.

　　C In order to widen Alfred’s horizons his father sent him abroad for �further training in chemical engineering. During a two-year period Alfred Nobel �visited Sweden, Germany, France and the United States. In Pads, the city he came �to like best, he worked in the private laboratory of Professor T. J. Pelouze, a �famous chemist. There he met the young Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero who, �three years earlier, had invented nitroglycerine, a highly explosive liquid. But �it was considered too dangerous to be of any practical use. Although its �explosive power greatly exceeded that of gun powder, the liquid would explode in �a very unpredictable manner if subjected to heat and pressure. Alfred Nobel �became very interested in nitroglycerine and how it could be put to practical �use in construction work. He also realized that the safety problems had to be �solved and a method had to be developed for the controlled detonation of �nitroglycerine.

　　D After his return to Sweden in 1863, Alfred Nobel concentrated on �developing nitroglycerine as an explosive. Several explosions, including one �(1864) in which his brother Kmil and several other persons were killed, �convinced the authorities that nitroglycerine production was exceedingly �dangerous. They forbade further experimentation with nitroglycerine within the �Stockholm city limits and Alfred Nobel had to move his experimentation to a �barge anchored on Lake Malaren. Alfred was not discouraged and in 1864 he was �able to start mass production of nitroglycerine. To make the handling of �nitroglycerine safer Alfred Nobel experimented with different additives. He soon �found that mixing nitroglycerine with kieselguhr would turn the liquid into a �paste which could be shaped into rods of a size and form suitable for insertion �into drilling holes. In 1867 he patented this material under the name of �dynamite. To be able to detonate the dynamite rods he also invented a detonator �(blasting cap) which could be ignited by lighting a fuse. These inventions were �made at the same time as the pneumatic drill came into general use. Together �these inventions drastically reduced the cost of blasting rock, drilling �tunnels, building canals and many other forms of construction work.

　　E The market for dynamite and detonating caps grew very rapidly and Alfred �Nobel also proved himself to be a very skillful entrepreneur and businessman. �Over the years he founded factories and laboratories in some 90 different places �in more than 20 countries. Although he lived in Paris much of his life he was �constantly traveling. When he was not traveling or engaging in business �activities Nobel himself worked intensively in his various laboratories, first �in Stockholm and later in other places. He focused on the development of �explosives technology as well as other chemical inventions, including such �materials as synthetic rubber and leather, artificial sill, etc. By the time of �his death in 18% he had 355 patents.

　　F Intensive work and travel did not leave much time for a private life. At �the age of 43 he was feeling like an old man. At this time he advertised in a �newspaper "Wealthy, highly-educated elder gentleman seeks lady of mature age, �versed in languages, as secretary and supervisor of household. " The most �qualified applicant turned out to bean Austrian woman, Countess Bertha Kin sky. �After working a very short time for Nobel she decided to return to Austria to �marry Count Arthur yon Sutrner. In spite of this Alfred Nobel and Bertha von �Suttner remained friends and kept writing letters to each other for decades. �Over the years Bertha von Suttner became increasingly critical of the arms race. �She wrote a famous book, Lay Down Your Arms and became a prominent figure in the �peace movement. No doubt this influenced Alfred Nobel when he wrote his final �will which was to include a Prize for persons or organizations who promoted �peace. Several years after the death of Alfred Nobel, the Norwegian Storting �(Parliament) decided to award the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize to Bertha von �Suttner.

　　G Alfred Nobel died in San Remo, Italy, on December 10, 1896. When his will �was opened it came as a surprise that his fortune was to be used for Prizes in �Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace. The executors �of his will were two young engineers, Ragnar Sohl man and Rudolf Lilljequist. �They set about forming the Nobel Foundation as an organization to take care of �the financial assets lt by Nobel for this purpose and to coordinate the work �of the Prize-Awarding Institutions. This was not without its difficulties since �the will was contested by relatives and questioned by authorities in various �countries.

　　H Alfred Nobel’s greatness lay in his ability to combine the penetrating �mind of the scientist and inventor with the forward-looking dynamism of the �industrialist. Nobel was very interested in social and peace-related issues and �held what were considered radical views in his era. He had a great interest in �literature and wrote his own poetry and dramatic works. The Nobel Prizes became �an extension d a fulfillment of his lifetime interests.

　　Questions 1-6

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading �Passage 1?

　　In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE if the statement is true if the statement is true

　　FALSE if the statement is true if the statement is false

　　NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

　　1 The first Nobel Prize was awarded in 1895.

　　2 Nobel’s father wanted his son to have better education than

　　what he had had.

　　3 Nobel was an unsuccessful businessman.

　　4 Bertha yon Suttner was selected by Nobel himself for the first

　　peace prize.

　　5 The Nobel Foundation was established after the death of

　　Nobel

　　6 Nobel’s social involvement was uncommon in the 1800’s. Questions 7-13

　　Complete the notes below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage.

　　Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.

　　Table 1

　　Education:

　　Having accumulated a great fortune in his business, Nobel’s father �determined to give his son the best education and sent him abroad to be trained �in 7 _______ During Nobel’s study in Paris, he worked in a private laboratory, �where he came in contact with a young Scientist (engineer) 8 ________ and his �invention nitroglycerine, a more powerful explosive than 9 _______ .

　　Table 2

　　Benits in construction works:

　　Nobel became really interested in this new explosive and experimented on �it. But nitroglycerine was too dangerous and was banned for experiments within �the city of 10 ________ .So Nobel had to move his experiments to a lake. To make �nitroglycerine easily usable, Nobel invented dynamite along with 11_______ while �in the meantime 12 _______ became popular, all of which dramatically lowered the �13 ______ of construction works.

　　部分答案回忆：

　　1. F

　　2. NG

　　3. F

　　4. T

　　5. T

　　6. T

　　7. chemical engineering

　　8 . constrution

　　9. gunpower

　　10. Stockholm

　　(顺序可能有误仅供参考)

　　Passage 2

　　题材：科技

　　新旧情况：新题

　　题目：Report of the state of the digital �music

　　题型：list heading 7 summary 4 选择(5 选 2 )2

　　文章大意：

　　数码音乐存在一些困难日本解决比较好

　　部分答案回忆：

　　1. games

　　2. conventional stores

　　3. market share

　　4-5.BD

　　(仅供参考)

　　Passage 3

　　题材：农业

　　新旧情况：新题

　　题目：BRITISHFARMING �WORK

　　题型：选择 4 判断 5 简答 3 选择 1

　　文章大意：

　　英国战前战后农业政策,温饱解决后注意一些环保政策

　　部分答案：

　　1.B food shortage 战前短缺为什么采取这一措施

　　2. T

　　3. NG

　　4. F

　　5. T

　　6. agriculture depression

　　7. public concern

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