2017年8月8日雅思阅读真题回顾.

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　　Passage 1

　　Title：The history of tea

　　Question types ：填空7+判断6

　　机经版本号：版本号：旧(海外版剑十)

　　难度分析：常规有序题的排列组合，难度不大。

　　真题还原：参考文章：

　　The History of Tea

　　A story of tea began in ancient China over 5,000 years ago. According to �legend, ShenNung, an early emperor was a skilled ruler, creative scientist and �patron of the arts. His far-sighted edicts required, among other things, that �all drinking water boiled as a hygienic precaution. One summer day while �visiting a distant region of his realm, he and the court stopped to rest. In �accordance with his ruling, the servants began to boil water for the court to �drink. Dried leaves from the nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and a �brown liquid was infused into the water. As a scientist, the Emperor was �interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very rreshing. And so, �according to legend, tea was created.

　　B Tea consumption spread throughout the Chinese culture reaching into every �aspect of the society. In800 A.D. Lu Yu wrote the first dinitive book on tea, �the Ch'a Ching. This amazing man was orphaned as a child and raised by scholarly �Buddhist monks in one of China's finest monasteries. Patronized by the Emperor �himself, his work clearly showed the Zen Buddhist philosophy to which he was �exposed as a child. It was this form of tea service that Zen Buddhist �missionaries would later introduce to imperial Japan.

　　The first tea seeds were brought to Japan by the returning Buddhist priest �Yeisei, who had seen the value of tea in China in enhancing religious mediation. �As a result, he is known as the "Father of Tea" in Japan. Because of this early �association, tea in Japan has always been associated with Zen Buddhism. Tea �received almost instant imperial sponsorship and spread rapidly from the royal �court and monasteries to the other sections of Japanese society.

　　Tea was elevated to an art form resulting in the creation of the Japanese �Tea Ceremony ("Cha-no-you" or "the hot water for tea"). The best description of �this complex art form was probably written by the Irish-Greek �journalist-historian Lafcadio Hearn, one of the few foreigners ever to be �granted Japanese citizenship during this era. He wrote from personal �observation, "The Tea ceremony requires years of training and practice to �graduate in art...yet the whole of this art, as to its detail, signifies no more �than the making and serving of cup of tea. The supremely important matter is �that the act be performed in the most perfect, most polite, most gracul, most �charming manner possible”.

　　Such purity of form, of expression prompted the creation of supportive arts �and services. A special form of architecture (chase) developed for "teahouses", �based on the duplication of the simplicity of a forest cottage. The �cultural/artistic hostesses of Japan, the Geisha, began to specialize in the �presentation of the tea ceremony. As more and more people became involved in the �excitement surrounding tea, the purity of the original Zen concept was lost. The �tea ceremony became corrupted, boisterous and highly embellished. "Tea �Tournaments" were held among the wealthy where nobles competed among each other �for rich prizes in naming various tea blends. Rewarding winners with gifts of �silk, armor, and jewelry was totally alien to the original Zen attitude of the �ceremony.

　　Three great Zen priests restored tea to its original place in Japanese �society. One of them is Sen.-no Ricky (1521-1591)-priest who set the rigid �standards for the ceremony, largely used intact today. Risky was successful in �influencing the Shogun Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who became Japan's greatest patron of �the "art of tea". A brilliant general, strategist, poet, and artist this unique �leader facilitated the final and complete integration of tea into the pattern of �Japanese life. So complete was this acceptance, that tea was viewed as the �ultimate gift, and warlords paused for tea bore battles.

　　While tea was at this high level of development in both Japan and China, �information concerning this then unknown beverage began to filter back to �Europe. Earlier caravan leaders had mentioned it, but were unclear as to its �service format or appearance. (One rerence suggests the leaves be boiled, �salted, buttered, and eaten!) The first European to personally encounter tea and �write about it wastes Portuguese Jesuit Father Jasper de Cruz in 1560.

　　Portugal, with her technologically advanced navy, had been successful in �gaining the first right of trade with China. It was as a missionary on that �first commercial mission that Father de Cruz had tasted tea four years �bore.

　　The Portuguese developed a trade route by which they shipped their tea to �Lisbon, and then Dutch ships transported it to France, Holland, and the Baltic �countries. (At that time Holland was politically affiliated with Portugal. When �this alliance was altered in 1602, Holland, with her excellent navy, entered �into full Pacific trade in her own right.)

　　Because of the success of the Dutch navy in the Pacific, tea became very �fashionable in the Dutch capital, the Hague. This was due in part to the high �cost of theta (over $100 per pound) which immediately made it the domain of the �wealthy.

　　Slowly, as the amount of tea imported increased, the price fell as the �volume of sale expanded. Initially available to the public in apothecaries along �with such rare and new spices as ginger and sugar, by 1675 it was available in common food shops throughout Holland. As the consumption of tea increased �dramatically in Dutch society, doctors and university authorities argued back �and forth as to the negative and/or positive benits of tea. Known as "tea �heretics", the public largely ignored the scholarly debate and continued to �enjoy their new beverage though the controversy lasted from 1635 to roughly �1657. Throughout this period France and Holland led Europe in the use of �tea.

　　GAs the craze for things oriental swept Europe; tea became part of the way �of life. The social critic Marie de Rebutting-Chantal, the Marquise de Seven �makes the first mention in 1680 of adding milk to tea. During the same period, �Dutch inns provided the first restaurant service of tea. Tavern owners would �furnish guests with a portable tea set complete with a heating unit. The �independent Dutchman would then prepare tea for himself and his friends outside �in the tavern’s garden. Tea remained popular in France for only about fifty �years, being replaced by a stronger prerence for wine, chocolate, and exotic coffees.

　　Great Britain was the last of the three great sea-faring nations to break �into the Chinese and* East Indian trade routes. This was due in part to the �unsteady ascension to the throne of the Stuarts and the Cromwell and Civil War. �The first samples of tea reached England between 1652 and 1654. Tea quickly �proved popular enough to replace ale as the national drink of England.

　　Asian Holland, it was the nobility that provided the necessary stamp of �approval and so insured its acceptance. King Charles II had married, while in exile, the Portuguese Infanta Catherine de Braganza (1662). Charles himself had �grown up in the Dutch capital. As a result, both he and his Portuguese bride �were confirmed tea drinkers. When the monarchy was re-established, the two rulers brought this foreign tea tradition to England with them.

　　Imperial Russia was attempting to engage China and Japan in trade at the �same time as the East Indian Company. The Russian interest in tea began as early �as 1618 when the Chinese embassy in Moscow presented several chests of tea to �Czar Alexis. By1689 the Trade Treaty of Newchinsk established a common border �between Russia and China, allowing caravans to then cross back and forth freely. �Still, the journey was not easy. The trip was 11,000 miles long and took over �sixteen months to complete. The average caravan consisted of 200 to 300 camels. �As result of such factors, the cost of tea was initially prohibitive and �available only to the wealthy. By the time Catherine the Great died (1796), the �price had dropped some, and tea was spreading throughout Russian society.

　　参考答案：

　　1.Tombs 206AD在汉朝发掘古墓时发现茶叶

　　2.Books 8世纪第一本讲茶叶的书

　　3.Monks日本的僧人第一次把茶叶带出中国，带入日本

　　4.Dutch 荷兰人把茶叶带到欧洲

　　5.Smugglingtaxation �很高，人民铤而走险走私茶叶，英国不得不减税

　　6.Clippers 有了快船来运送茶叶

　　7.India 茶叶开始在中国以外的地方种植

　　8.FALSE 16世纪，茶在英国很受欢迎，原文否定

　　9.NOT GIVEN�茶叶在欧洲比咖啡更流行，原文未提及

　　10.FALSE�茶叶在所有阶层都很普及，原文中说只有上流社会普及

　　11.TRUE�adulteration是导致政府减税的一项原因。

　　12.NOT GIVEN fastest vessel owned by America，原文未提及

　　13.TRUE initial problems when tea was planted outside China

　　(仅供参考)

　　剑桥雅思真题推荐原文： �C941

　　Passage 2

　　题目：the nature of yawning

　　内容：关于打哈欠传染的研究

　　Question types ：段落信息匹配5+特殊词匹配4+填空4

　　机经版本号：版本号：题号：20120922

　　题型技巧分析：段落配考察信息的查找能力，乱序，难度较大，需要烤鸭短时记忆题干的能力，在文章中筛选出有效信息。

　　真题还原：

　　文章大意：讲关于打呵欠传染的研究,主要有三个研究机构开展的研究。第一个机构研究发现打呵欠是人类冷却大脑的一种方式。后面两个研究发现打呵欠和个人的性格、同情心、专业背景有关,和性别无关。最后讲了呵欠产生的过程,提到有一种理论讲的是呵欠可能是人类交流的一种方式,用于提醒同伴你累了需要休息,从而要求对方打起精神应对危险。

　　参考答案：

　　部分答案回忆：

　　14. C imagining leads to yawning

　　15. D occupation and inclination to yawning

　　16. A overview of research

　　17. B body temperature and yawning

　　18. B disapprove of a �theory

　　19. B not difference in �gender

　　20. C mental disorder �文中定位：autism

　　21. A the way we breathe �文中定位：inhale

　　22. B trained yawn more than �the untrained

　　23. bond 用来联系人类情感

　　24. danger 危险的时候警示别人

　　25. rest 特别是需要休息的时候

　　26. non-verbal 是人类肢体语言的一种

　　(仅供参考)

　　剑桥雅思真题推荐原文：922，942

　　Passage 3

　　题目：the nature of music

　　内容：对音乐的研究，介绍音乐历史和音乐对人类的影响

　　Question types：选择4+段落信息匹配5+判断5

　　机经版本号版本号：旧

　　题型技巧分析：选择判断有序题搭配段落配，时间较为紧张，需要考生在考场上合理安排时间。

　　参考答案：

　　27. C 定位词：第一段中的nature of �music，答案：many elements

　　28. D 定位词：language and �music，答案：STEVE

　　29. A 定位词：Neanderthals 答案：show �reactions

　　30. C 定位词：Neanderthals and homo �sapiens 答案：for partners

　　31. D 定位词：feature and music，答案： change in all cultures

　　32. C 定位词：Mithen，答案：rerence �for other people

　　33. A 定位词：precious research，答案： �limited in the range of research

　　34. E 定位词：power of emotion，答案：long history

　　35. B 定位词：reviewer disagrees with Mithen，答案：modern speech影响音乐

　　36. TRUE most discussion ignore physical factors

　　37. TRUE shared features/small societies/remote areas

　　38. NOT GIVEN people talk to babies/similar to/Neandethals music

　　39. FALSE Mithen support Steve

　　40. NOT GIVEN modern people �depend heavily on electronic music

　　剑桥雅思真题推荐原文：923

　　考试趋势分析和备考指导：本次考试三篇文章全部都是旧题，第一篇the history of tea, �茶叶的历史相关话题已经在考试中出现多次，最近一次是3月14日。有同学如果做过海外版剑十里面就出现过原题，而最新的剑桥雅思10中也有涉及茶叶的历史相关文章C10T2P1。第二篇the �nature of yawning, �是针对打哈欠进行的科学探究，涉及两种匹配题，难度较大。第三篇与音乐相关，介绍音乐的历史和音乐对人类的影响，选择判断搭配段落配题做题难度也较大，需要考生合理安排时间。

　　以上是关于2015年8月8日雅思阅读机经的详细内容，希望对大家备考雅思考试有所帮助，更多雅思机经尽在澳际教育雅思频道。