SAT写作经典例子之笛卡尔.

　　下面为大家搜集整理的是关于法国著名科学家笛卡尔的SAT写作经典例子，这篇例子中详细的介绍了笛卡尔不仅仅是一个科学家，在哲学方面的贡献也有所列举。下面大家就和澳际小编一起来看看笛卡尔的成就吧。

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　　René Descartes (1596-1650) is one of the most important Western philosophers of the past few centuries. During his lifetime, Descartes was just as famous as an original physicist, physiologist and mathematician. But it is as a highly original philosopher that he is most frequently read today. He attempted to restart philosophy in a fresh direction. For example, his philosophy rused to accept the Aristotelian and Scholastic traditions that had dominated philosophical thought throughout the Medieval period; it attempted to fully integrate philosophy with the "new" sciences; and Descartes changed the relationship between philosophy and theology. Such new directions for philosophy made Descartes into a revolutionary figure.

　　The two most widely known of Descartes&apos philosophical ideas are those of a method of hyperbolic doubt, and the argument that, though he may doubt, he cannot doubt that he exists. The first of these comprises a key aspect of Descartes&apos philosophical method. As noted above, he rused to accept the authority of previous philosophers - but he also rused to accept the obviousness of his own senses. In the search for a foundation for philosophy, whatever could be doubted must be rejected. He resolves to trust only that which is clearly and distinctly seen to be beyond any doubt. In this manner, Descartes peels away the layers of belis and opinions that clouded his view of the truth. But, very little remains, only the simple fact of doubting itself, and the inescapable inference that something exists doubting, namely Descartes himself.

　　His next task is to reconstruct our knowledge piece by piece, such that at no stage is the possibility of doubt allowed to creep back in. In this manner, Descartes proves that he himself must have the basic characterisitc of thinking, and that this thinking thing (mind) is quite distinct from his body; the existence of a God; the existence and nature of the external world; and so on. What is important in this for Descartes is, first, that he is showing that knowledge is genuinely possible (and thus that sceptics must be mistaken), and, second, that, more particularly, a mathematically-based scientific knowledge of the material world is possible.

　　Descartes&apos work was influential, although his studies in physics and the other natural sciences much less so than his mathematical and philosophical work. Throughout the 17th and 18th Centuries, Descartes&apos philosophical ghost was always present; Locke, Hume, Leibniz and even Kant felt compelled to philosophical entanglement with this intellectual giant. For these reasons, Descartes is often called the "father" of modern philosophy.

　　This article provides an overview of Descartes&apos philosophical thought following the order of his most famous and widely-studied book, the Meditations on First Philosophy.

　　勒内·笛卡尔(Rene Descartes，1596——1650)，著名的法国哲学家、科学家和数学家。 笛卡尔常作笛卡儿，1596年3月31日生于法国安德尔-卢瓦尔省笛卡尔-1650年2月11日逝于瑞典斯德哥尔摩)。 他对现代数学的发展做出了重要的贡献，因将几何坐标体系公式化而被认为是解析几何之父。他还是西方现代哲学思想的奠基人，是近代唯物论的开拓者提出了“普遍怀疑”的主张。他的哲学思想深深影响了之后的几代欧洲人，开拓了所谓“欧陆理性主义”哲学。

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