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SAT词汇的学习方法,需要注意一些问题。下面是SAT January 2006 真题section 4 question1-5。我们拿它作为范例,来具体讲解一下如何掌握SAT词汇学习的方法。
1 Black Americans in Flight, a mural honoring several aviation pineers, also( )the 1992 spaclight of astronaut Mae Jemison.
A.discerns B.introduces C.approximates D.commemorate E.asserts
解题线索:honoring, also
词汇注解:
01.aviation n. 词根avi—bird;astronaut n.=spaceman n. 词根astr-strar, nau-sea,sail
02.discern v.=detect, recognize 简单词certain 词根cern-sift(筛选)
03.approximate v. a. 接近,几乎,近似 词根prox-come near 同词根approach, proximity
04.commenorate v.=to remember 简单词memory, memorize
2 The new antifungal agent has such ( )uses,from treating Dutch elm disease to rescuing water-dammaged works of art from molds, that it is considerd one of the more( )antibiotics.
A.disturbing...explicit B.innovative...precipitous C.mysterious...recognized D.varied...versatile E.similar...discriminating
解题线索:from…to…
词汇注解:
01.antifungal=anti(against)+fungal antibiotic=anti+bio(词根bio-life biology, biography)
02.explicit a.= clear, dinite 词根plic-fold implicit, imply, complex, complicated, perplex, multiply
03.innovative a.(innovate v.)=new, creative 词根nov=new renovate, novel, supernova
04.precipitous a.=steep, sudden,dramatic陡峭,突然,剧烈
05.varied a.=various a. 简单词 vary=change
06.discriminating a. 有鉴别力的 简单词discriminate v.1 鉴别2歧视
3 The child had a tendency toward aggressive behavior,a ( ) fighting rather than resolving differences amicably.
A.propensity for B.confusion about C.disregard for D.hostility toward E.compunction about
解题线索:tendency
词汇注解:
01.amicable a.=friendly 词根am-love amiable, amateur, amity
02.propensity n.=inclination, tendency 词根pens-hang(悬挂) suspend, depend, indispensable
03.disregard n. =ignore, dismiss
04. compunction n.=guilt, regret(内疚,悔恨)
4 Physical exercise often has a ( )fect, releasing emotional temsion and rreshing the spirit.
A.pejorative B.debilitating C.cathartic D.retentive E.tenacious
解题线索:release emotional tension and ……
词汇注解:
01.pejorative a.=depreciative a.(词根prec-price appreciate v.) /derogatory a.(贬损的)
02.debilitating a.(debilitate v.)=weaken
03.cathatic a. 1 (感情)有宣泄作用的2通便的
04.retentive a.=holding(记忆力好的,记得住的) 词根tent-keep tenacious, abstinence, contain
05.tenacious a.=resolute, stubborn (坚持的,固执的)
5 Because rao and hip-hop offer such ( )commentary on contemprary issues, they are often said to be sharp-edged musical genres.
A.nebulous B.trenchant C.circumspect D.prosaic E.benign
解题线索:sharp-edged
词汇注解:
01.genre n.=style n.
02.nebulous a.=unclear,ambiguous 简单词 nebula n.星云
03.trenchant a.=sharp, pointed(言辞)犀利的,尖锐的
04.circumspect a.=cautious, carul 词根circu-circle spect-see
05.prosaic a.=boring, dull 简单词 prose n.散文
06.benign a.=kind, good-hearted 前缀ben-good benit, benediction
重要提示
1.平时大家记单词,多半只满足于记下其拼写和中文意思。这样的记忆很粗糙,不会持久。
2.我的经验,没有扎实的构词知识而试图轻松突破SAT词汇几乎是不可能的。有相当一部分SAT单词属于多音节的长单词,不作构词分析死记很难记住,或者不久就忘掉。因为对于区别于孩童的成熟学习者来说(比如十七八岁的高中生),最好的记忆方式是理解记忆。在搞懂单词的来源和构成之后,再去记忆就感觉心安理得,毫不勉强。分析词根词缀正好能完美地达成这一目的。此外,构词知识能很好地使学习者建立起词语词之间的联系,使脑海中的单词有序化,起到牢固记忆和扩大单词量的作用。
所以,具备可靠的构词知识一直是我在SAT词汇课上所倡导的。这也是为什么上面有很多单词注解包含词根或词缀信息。权威的构词知识和词源信息来自韦氏词典以及MerriamWebster出版的其他词汇书籍。不建议大家购买市面上那些编写有“词根+联想”内容的单词书。谬误颇多。
3. 有些词,虽然有词根,但是找出来也不一定有助于记忆。特别是当词根在该词中的意思体现得不够明显或者与这个词同词根的单词又都不是很熟悉的时候。此时,还不如生生地记下来方便。比如,
precipitous=steep, sudden,dramatic(陡峭,突然,剧烈)
澳际培训的老师倡导自己的学生要具备牢靠的构词知识,但是也要记住,词根学习的目的是为了帮助单词记忆。当你觉得无法达到这个目的时候,不妨果断放弃。何况SAT词汇中也不是每个单词都可以进行构词分析。
4. 记住一个生词的中文意思有时显得很罗嗦,也不容易记住。澳际培训老师建议学生,找一个同义词与该词等同起来。这样,每次看到整个生词就想到其同义词,避开中文这一层“介质”。这样就记得很快很准,也非常有助于培养语感和扩大词汇量。比如,
disregard n. =ignore, dismiss
explicit a.= clear, dinite
innovative a.(innovate v.)=new, creative
compunction=guilt, regret
但是,这种同义词的选择是有讲究的。由于此时利用同义词的目的是为了帮忙记住生词,所以你所选的同义词一则要是个熟悉的词,二则应该越简单越好。如果所选同义词本身也是个陌生词,无疑会加重自己的记忆负担。这样的记忆方法可简而言之为“以旧带新”。
有些SAT单词书对单词的注解中包括了一些同义词。多数同学一般都不会去看,或者不知道该如何利用这些同义词。实在是很可惜。
另外,不难发现SAT单词题很多解题线索都是正确选项的同意替代。这也从另一方面提醒我们同义词学习的重要性。
5. 确实存在一些词,既没有词根可查,意思也很特殊不容易找到同义词。唯有死记。比如,
cathartic a. 1 (感情)有宣泄作用的2通便的
其实,记忆本是大脑的天然功能。记单词不用什么方法,多看看,自然会在脑子里留住。还有写学生也有只读读写写就把SAT单词记得很好的。怕就怕很多同学老是担心自己记不住而寻求于各类“记忆技巧”,“无敌单词书”或“金牌课程”。花在找方法上的精力远远大于花在老老实实背单词的精力。舍本逐末,竹篮打水。
SAT词汇经典学习示例重要提示SAT词汇的学习方法,需要注意一些问题。下面是SAT January 2006 真题section 4 question1-5。我们拿它作为范例,来具体讲解一下如何掌握SAT词汇学习的方法。
1 Black Americans in Flight, a mural honoring several aviation pineers, also( )the 1992 spaclight of astronaut Mae Jemison.
A.discerns B.introduces C.approximates D.commemorate E.asserts
解题线索:honoring, also
词汇注解:
01.aviation n. 词根avi—bird;astronaut n.=spaceman n. 词根astr-strar, nau-sea,sail
02.discern v.=detect, recognize 简单词certain 词根cern-sift(筛选)
03.approximate v. a. 接近,几乎,近似 词根prox-come near 同词根approach, proximity
04.commenorate v.=to remember 简单词memory, memorize
2 The new antifungal agent has such ( )uses,from treating Dutch elm disease to rescuing water-dammaged works of art from molds, that it is considerd one of the more( )antibiotics.
A.disturbing...explicit B.innovative...precipitous C.mysterious...recognized D.varied...versatile E.similar...discriminating
解题线索:from…to…
词汇注解:
01.antifungal=anti(against)+fungal antibiotic=anti+bio(词根bio-life biology, biography)
02.explicit a.= clear, dinite 词根plic-fold implicit, imply, complex, complicated, perplex, multiply
03.innovative a.(innovate v.)=new, creative 词根nov=new renovate, novel, supernova
04.precipitous a.=steep, sudden,dramatic陡峭,突然,剧烈
05.varied a.=various a. 简单词 vary=change
06.discriminating a. 有鉴别力的 简单词discriminate v.1 鉴别2歧视
3 The child had a tendency toward aggressive behavior,a ( ) fighting rather than resolving differences amicably.
A.propensity for B.confusion about C.disregard for D.hostility toward E.compunction about
解题线索:tendency
词汇注解:
01.amicable a.=friendly 词根am-love amiable, amateur, amity
02.propensity n.=inclination, tendency 词根pens-hang(悬挂) suspend, depend, indispensable
03.disregard n. =ignore, dismiss
04. compunction n.=guilt, regret(内疚,悔恨)
4 Physical exercise often has a ( )fect, releasing emotional temsion and rreshing the spirit.
A.pejorative B.debilitating C.cathartic D.retentive E.tenacious
解题线索:release emotional tension and ……
词汇注解:
01.pejorative a.=depreciative a.(词根prec-price appreciate v.) /derogatory a.(贬损的)
02.debilitating a.(debilitate v.)=weaken
03.cathatic a. 1 (感情)有宣泄作用的2通便的
04.retentive a.=holding(记忆力好的,记得住的) 词根tent-keep tenacious, abstinence, contain
05.tenacious a.=resolute, stubborn (坚持的,固执的)
5 Because rao and hip-hop offer such ( )commentary on contemprary issues, they are often said to be sharp-edged musical genres.
A.nebulous B.trenchant C.circumspect D.prosaic E.benign
解题线索:sharp-edged
词汇注解:
01.genre n.=style n.
02.nebulous a.=unclear,ambiguous 简单词 nebula n.星云
03.trenchant a.=sharp, pointed(言辞)犀利的,尖锐的
04.circumspect a.=cautious, carul 词根circu-circle spect-see
05.prosaic a.=boring, dull 简单词 prose n.散文
06.benign a.=kind, good-hearted 前缀ben-good benit, benediction 上12下
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