潘小峰：非满分SAT写作范文是一座金矿.

　　一般网上论坛考生分享最多的SAT写作材料多是满分范文。教师或过来人的建议其中最常见的也是背SAT写作范文，满分范文。

　　这跟“圣人”教诲或有关系：“取乎其上，得乎其中;取乎其中，得乎其下;取乎其下，则无所得矣。”换句话说，你要考SAT作文，目标要定得高。要想考4分，目标就要定成5分或6分。要想考3分，目标最好定为4分或5分。这不无道理：人有惰性，会拖拉，很难持续百分百地努力，就像物体都受重力牵引，能量的消耗不可能完全用在趋近目标，还要克服自身重量(行为惯性)。

　　但是，反过来看，这个建议(背诵或研习满分范文)是否适合每一个学生呢?

　　当然不!这个方案忽视了学生们的不同起点和个性需求。假如一个学生现在的水平只能写出2分文章(有论点但例子空泛、行文缺乏条理)，有可能题目关键词都理解错误，以这样的水平去背诵满分范文，能获得什么样的备考效果呢?

　　效果。备考方法和任何建议，如果不用实际效果去检验，那么就没有任何价值!

　　为什么要这样说?因为背范文，是从小到大，语文科或英语科作文的法宝!

　　以实际效果论，许多学生运用这种方法，混过了各种作文考试。是可行的。

　　可是运用到出国考试，如SAT，这个法宝似乎不灵验了。为什么?

　　国内考试与出国考试是两个完全不同的个人评价系统。因为内容多，将另文讲述。

　　这里专谈SAT写作范文的实际应用。

　　满分(6分作文)习作集并不能给学生真正的指导。

　　只是一堆未经整理的杂乱素材。就像一窝未经提炼的矿砂。

　　其实最有开发价值的习作是非满分范文。从4分或3分范文，学生才更容易看到自己习作的影子--“噢，这个问题我也有”。怎么改进自己写作中的缺陷和不足?这才是重点。

　　只有逐步消除写作中的不足，文章中的漏洞越来越少，才能趋于完善。

　　而不是一开始就不顾自己的现有水平，直接以满分来要求自己--这样的不幸后果是，不明白自己的思维盲点、行文组织方法的欠缺、不能准确理解词句并运用在恰当的论证情境，从而只是照葫芦画瓢，生搬硬套之前背诵的词句段落，不考虑写作题目的个别要求，结果只有低分!

　　下面以3分文章为例，展示如何开发其中的“金矿”，化为己用。

　　题目：

　　Assignment: Is there always another explanation or another point of view?

　　(SAT Study Guide p119)

　　下面是3分习作：

　　This essay received a score of 3:

　　The statement “There is always a however” suggests that there is always another explanation or point of view. However there is not always another explanation or point o f view. In many cases there is only one solution to a problem, no matter how one looks at it. Because of this, the statement “There is always a however” is a false statement despite the fact that it may be seen as true by some people.

　　The statement is not true in mathematical equations. If a teacher were to ask for the answer to the problem one plus one, the answer would be two. In this case there is no however. The answer is two and there is no other answer.

　　The statement is also false in certain physical aspects of life. If someone were to pitch a baseball and the batter did hit it, you cound say the batter did hit it because it is completely evident that he didn’t. There is no however.

　　The term “however” certainly applies to aspects of life, but not all of them and therore not always. Because of those times where it doesn’t apply the statement, “There is always a however ” is false.

　　班上的同学看到这样的文章，一般直接略过。“哪值得花时间看呢?”

　　在老师的要求下仔细一看，才发现：“好像我自己的文章也有类似的毛病!”--这才是低分范文的真正价值。低分文章像一面镜子。只有勇敢的人、有认识的人才会揽镜自照。否则拿来满分范文，当作自己的临摹对象，反而失去了自己，也学不像。

　　具体方法是：

　　一、把自己当成阅卷者，重读一篇文章;

　　二、参考评分指南，试给文章打分并写下评分依据。再重读原文，作出必要的修正。

　　三、对照SAT写作范文后的实际评分意见，找出自己对原文与评分指南理解的偏差。记下来。

　　四、运用上面的方法，试批改自己以往写过的S习作。

　　WHY THIS ESSAY RECEIVED A SCORE OF 3

　　This response demonstrates developing mastery by asserting the point of view that “ in many cases there is only one solution to a problem, no matter how one looks at it.” the writer demonstrates some critical thinking by attempting to prove that “the statement ‘The is always a however’ is false.”

　　Although the writer attempts to support the main idea, evidence provided is too limited and repetitive to be adequate. (“If a teacher were to ask for the answer to the problem one plus one, the answer would be two. In this case there is no however. The answer is two and there is no other answer.”)

　　To receive a higher score, this essay needs to demonstrate clearer focus and stronger critical thinking by developing the position further. Therore, the essay remains in the inadequate category and scored a 3.

　　本文为澳际培训潘小峰老师原创，转载请注明出处和作者，违者必究！

　　经过五次以上类似的练习，一个学生才能提高对SAT写作评分标准的理解，才能发现自己的SAT写作缺陷，在实际写作中避免类似的陷阱。“事就这样成了。”