SAT单词串讲与例题解析(一).

SAT单词讲义(四):单词串讲ABC

（一）主考单词

1.abandon: foster/adopt 放弃：采用/采纳

(1) The novelist shocked his editor by__ the book on which he had been working for seven years and starting over.

(A)abridging

(B) supplemented

(C)abandoning

(D)truncating

(E) praising

(2) Although the political candidate was__ by her admirers, she__ her campaign bore the first debate was held.

(A)supported, abandoned

(B) lauded, illuminated

(C) denounced, criticized

(D)disdained, subverted

(E) bolstered, retaliated

(3) Most students do not start from point zero, but from minus zero, and in the process are often required to abandon cherished childhood fantasies of superheroes or larger-than-life villains.

在sat考试当中，目前只考察了abandon表示“放弃”（give up something completely or forever）,abandon这个义项的程度非常强，即“放弃”程度是最高的。

2．abate: augment/ intensify减少：增加/加强

3. abbreviate: extend 缩写:扩充

Convinced by critics that his play was too verbose, Johnson__ the third act, making it more___.

(A) expanded, concise

(B) curtailed, prolix

(C) promulgated, insouciant

(D) abbreviated, succinct

(E) fostered, pliant

Verbose---àabbreviate--àsuccinct 非常符合逻辑。

4．aberrant: normal/ typical异常的:正常的/典型的

If such a gene occurs on a sex-determining (X or Y) chromosome, then highly aberrant sex ratios can occur.

5．abet: impede/obstruct/thwart 协助:阻碍

（1）Abet：assist or encourage, usually in some wrongdoing。所以翻译为“教唆”太合适了！

Critics of the welfare system argue that, rather that adding people’s forts to govern their own lives, it____ their independence.

(A) supports (B) saps(C) hastens(D) renews(E) abet

Adding people’s forts to govern their own lives<> abet their independence

是对abet义项的直接考察。

（2）thwart 阻碍＝prevent

Dangerously high winds___ attempts to begin the space shuttle mission on schedule, delaying the launch by nearly a week.

(A)thwarted

(B) forfeited

(C) implemented

(D)discharged

(E) redoubled

这道题很多同学可能会选择discharge，显然这是对discharge理解的不够，虽然discharge的义项很多，但基本上都维持了词根 char的意思：charge来自于词根car（char是car的变体），它表示一种装上去的感觉，比如charge的义项，充电（你要放到插座上），住院（你要到医院里去住），当然discharge就是这些动作的反动作。Discharge(表示拔下充电器，卸下装备，出院等)

（3）obstruct， construct，而且ob（against）和con（together）作为前缀，意思正好相反

6．abhor: admire憎恨，厌恶:崇拜

7．abolish: establish 废除:建立

abolitionist: persist in slavery废奴主义者:坚持奴隶制

(emancipation: fetter解放黑奴，解放妇女：上枷锁)

The city has__ its program for recycling waste in an fort to reduce the amounts of garbage that must be__ or dumped in landfills.

(A)improved, produced

(B) restricted, amassed

(C) adapted, rescued

(D)expanded, burned

(E) abolished, buried

误选E 的同学看清楚逻辑关系了in an fort to

8.abundant: scare/barren富饶的：缺乏/贫瘠

Only one flask out of ten became putrid, whereas eleven flasks out of eleven opened in the courtyard quickly acquired a rich growth of bacteria.

Q: “rich” most nearly means

(A) precious

(B) vital

(C) abundant

(D) meaningful

(E) productive

这里显然是指数量之多。

9．abridge: protract/extend in length 缩短:伸长

Abridged<> lengthy

Because his time was limited, Weng decided to read the___ novel War and Peace in____ edition

(A)wordy----an unedited

(B) lengthy-----an abridged

(C) famous------a modern

(D)romantic-----an autographed

(E) popular-------a complete

10. absorb: dissipate/exude/rlect 吸引,吸收: 消散/流出/反射

Just as glass windows offer buildings both light and insulation, certain atmospheric gases___ incoming sunlight and___ heat radiated from the ground, preventing warmth from escaping.

(A)conduct, release

(B) dlect, transmit

(C)admit, contain

(D)absorb, dispense

(E) resist, trap

注意dispense heat是不会prevent warmth from escaping.

Dissipate dis+sip(喝), insipid （没有喝的东西，无聊）无聊的

11．abstemious: indulgent节制的:纵容的

12．abstract: elaborate /concrete 摘要的:详尽的/具体的

In poetry the majority of people seek the passion and pain of the human being behind the poet. Paintings attract them if they find in them figures of men or women it would be interesting to meet.

Q：“figures” most nearly means

(A) crude images

(B) abstractions

(C)representations

(D) numbers

(E) famous persons

这道题很多同学会选择B，因为按中国人的思想，好像画画就应该是抽象的，错！画的素描就是对景物的一种再现。

13．abstruse: explicit/patent 深奥的:清晰的

Johnson’s writing is considered__ and__ because it is filled with obscure rerences and baffling digressions.

(A)deceiving, ingenuous

(B) arcane, abstruse

(C) spare, didactic

(D)lucid, dinitive

(E) concise, esoteric

arcane，abstruse的特点就是filled with obscure rerences and baffling digressions

14．acerbic: sweet 酸的:甜的

纯粹是描述事物本身性质的单词

Despite the mixture’s__ nature, we found that by lowering its temperature in the laboratory we could dramatically reduce its tendency to vaporize.

(A)resilient

(B) volatile

(C) homogeneous

(D)insipid

(E) acerbic

15．acme: nadir 顶点:最低点

16．acquiesce: dy/resist 勉强答应:公然反抗/抵抗

Miranda, in her desire to foster___, often felt compelled to_____ readily to others in tense situations.

(A) cooperation---object

(B)consistency---der

(C)dissension---surrender

(D) discourse---appeal

(E) harmony---acquiesce

Acquiesce to/in：to do what someone else wants, or allow something to happen, even though you do not really agree with it

Acquiesce to others 勉强答应别人

17．Acrid/acrimonious: gentle /harmonious刻薄的:温和的/和睦的

（1）His mouth stinging and burning, Virgil hurried to the kitchen for water to wash away the dish’s---- taste.

A. earthy B. exotic C. cloying D. acrid E. succulent

这里取的是acrid的本意，发酸的。

（2）The contract negotiations were often surprisingly___, deteriorating at times into a welter of accusations and counteraccusations.

A. perspicacious B. phlegmatic C. sedate

D. acrimonious E. propitious

accusations and counteraccusations是acrimonious 的典型特征

perspicacious(per全＋spic看，什么都可以看到)聪明的

phlegmatic（原来是指吐痰的人，古人认为吐痰的人很冷静）冷静

sedate（sed，sit坐，能坐很久的人）镇定的

propitious（pro向前＋pit，pet追求，向前追求好的东西出现）吉兆的

（3）The columnist almost___ when he mentioned his friends, but he unpleasant and even___ when he discussed people who irritated him.

A. recalcitrant, laconic

B. reverential, acrimonious

C. sensitive, remorsul

D. insipid, militant

reverential<>acrimonious

SAT单词讲义(四):单词串讲ABC

（一）主考单词

1.abandon: foster/adopt 放弃：采用/采纳

(1) The novelist shocked his editor by__ the book on which he had been working for seven years and starting over.

(A)abridging

(B) supplemented

(C)abandoning

(D)truncating

(E) praising

(2) Although the political candidate was__ by her admirers, she__ her campaign bore the first debate was held.

(A)supported, abandoned

(B) lauded, illuminated

(C) denounced, criticized

(D)disdained, subverted

(E) bolstered, retaliated

(3) Most students do not start from point zero, but from minus zero, and in the process are often required to abandon cherished childhood fantasies of superheroes or larger-than-life villains.

在sat考试当中，目前只考察了abandon表示“放弃”（give up something completely or forever）,abandon这个义项的程度非常强，即“放弃”程度是最高的。

2．abate: augment/ intensify减少：增加/加强

3. abbreviate: extend 缩写:扩充

Convinced by critics that his play was too verbose, Johnson__ the third act, making it more___.

(A) expanded, concise

(B) curtailed, prolix

(C) promulgated, insouciant

(D) abbreviated, succinct

(E) fostered, pliant

Verbose---àabbreviate--àsuccinct 非常符合逻辑。

4．aberrant: normal/ typical异常的:正常的/典型的

If such a gene occurs on a sex-determining (X or Y) chromosome, then highly aberrant sex ratios can occur.

5．abet: impede/obstruct/thwart 协助:阻碍

（1）Abet：assist or encourage, usually in some wrongdoing。所以翻译为“教唆”太合适了！

Critics of the welfare system argue that, rather that adding people’s forts to govern their own lives, it____ their independence.

(A) supports (B) saps(C) hastens(D) renews(E) abet

Adding people’s forts to govern their own lives<> abet their independence

是对abet义项的直接考察。

（2）thwart 阻碍＝prevent

Dangerously high winds___ attempts to begin the space shuttle mission on schedule, delaying the launch by nearly a week.

(A)thwarted

(B) forfeited

(C) implemented

(D)discharged

(E) redoubled

这道题很多同学可能会选择discharge，显然这是对discharge理解的不够，虽然discharge的义项很多，但基本上都维持了词根 char的意思：charge来自于词根car（char是car的变体），它表示一种装上去的感觉，比如charge的义项，充电（你要放到插座上），住院（你要到医院里去住），当然discharge就是这些动作的反动作。Discharge(表示拔下充电器，卸下装备，出院等)

（3）obstruct， construct，而且ob（against）和con（together）作为前缀，意思正好相反

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