SAT写作素材——发明创造.

SAT考试的一个主要组成部分就是SAT写作，而写作也常常是一件令人头疼的事情，尤其在文章中需要举例说明问题的时候，很多学生往往很苦恼，接下来我们来看SAT写作中常用的例证素材——发明创造。

1879: Incandescent lamp

In 1879, after more than 1,000 trials and $40,000, Thomas Edison introduced an inexpensive alternative to candles and gaslight: the incandescent lamp. Using carbonized filaments from cotton thread, his light bulb burned for two days. These bulbs were first installed on the steamship Columbia and have been lighting up the world ever since.

1903:First powered flight

Orville Wright took off in the first powered flight in history in 1903 with the help of his brother, Wilbur. By 1905, the Wright brothers had completed the first practical airplane for public use. Since the advent of airplanes, the world has experienced a rapid merging of cultures, ideas and resources.

1908:Ford&aposs Model T

At $850, the world&aposs first automobile proved to be an invaluable bargain for farmers and city dwellers alike. And with Henry Ford&aposs introduction of the revolutionary assembly line, the volume of sales increased dramatically, bringing the cost of the Model T, also known as the "Tin Lizzie," to just $525.

1712: Newcomen&aposs steam engine

Although each separate component of a modern steam engine had already been invented by the year 1712, the first person to tie all of these elements together was Thomas Newcomen, an English blacksmith. The steam engine not only provided an immense source of power and energy, but, along with James Watt&aposs improvements in 1769, also paved the way for the Industrial Revolution and the move from an agrarian society to life in a city.

1876:Telephone

Not realizing the full impact it would have on society, Alexander Graham Bell introduced the first telephone to an amazed audience at America&aposs Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. Within a year, Bell had installed 230 phones and established the Bell Telephone Company, which was later transformed into AT&T. In 1997, 643,000,000,000 calls were made by people in the United States alone.

1901:Wireless transmission of a signal

On December 12, 1901, Guglielmo Marconi transmitted the Morse code letter "s" across the Atlantic from Cornwall, England, to St. John&aposs, Newfoundland. This demonstration of wireless transmission eventually paved the way for today&aposs complex global (and interglobal) communications, including radio, radar, and even signals from other planets.

1926:First public demonstration of television

On January 26, 1926, John Logie Baird displayed television for the first time in public at a department store in London. This was the first major step in the advancement of television since Paul Nipkow received a patent on his proposal for a mechanical television system in 1883. By 1993, there were 215 million television sets in the United States alone.

1947:Silicon chip

After ENIAC, the first computer, was invented in 1946, researchers sought a more practical way to perform highly complex calculations. In 1947, three engineers (John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain) demonstrated that it was possible to selectively control the flow of electricity through silicon. This discovery led to the creation of microprocessors and has since paved the way for today&aposs high-speed, ficient computers.

1596:Flush toilet

British nobleman John Harington devised the first flushing "water closet," which featured a wooden seat with a cistern and a valve for flushing. However, it wasn&apost until the nineteenth century when extensive sewage systems were introduced, that the flush toilet became as popular as the outhouse, the chamber pot, and the secluded tree.

1834: Rrigerator

Modern rrigeration was invented by Jacob Perkins, a Massachusetts native residing in London. Perkins&aposs patented machine closely resembles today&aposs rrigerator: a compressed fluid - ether for Perkins, Freon for us - evaporates to cool goods, then re-condenses. Today, fewer than one percent of American homes lack this cool convenience.

1854:Elevator

Elisha Graves Otis demonstrated the world&aposs first safe elevator at an 1854 New York City fair. Like other elevators, Otis&aposs invention ran up and down on a rope coiled around a power-driven drum. However, when Otis had his assistant cut the supporting rope, the public saw Otis&aposs real innovation: a spring that set iron teeth into secure notches when tension in the rope slackened.

1498:Toothbrush

In 1498, the Chinese invented the toothbrush, a row of bristles mounted at right angles to a straight handle. Society has enjoyed cleaner teeth and brighter smiles ever since.

1582:Gregorian calendar

In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII boldly changed the course of history and of timekeeping when he instituted the present-day Christian calendar. The Gregorian calendar chopped ten days off the previously-used Julian calendar, which had been the standard since 46 BC, and switched New Year&aposs Day from March to the first of January. The still-active Gregorian calendar is not quite accurate: it runs twenty-six seconds fast per year.

1714:Mercury thermometer

Daniel Fahrenheit, a German physicist working in Holland, invented the mercury thermometer. This invention was a more accurate temperature gauge than the alcohol-filled thermometer which was popular at the time. Fahrenheit&aposs thermometer had three fixed points: water&aposs freezing point, its boiling point, and the temperature of human blood. This temperature scale is still in use today.

1886:Coca-Cola

John Pemberton, an Atlanta druggist, invented the famous carbonated blend of coca leaf and kola nut in 1886. Pemberton originally marketed his drink as "French wine of Coca - an ideal Nerve Tonic and Stimulant," but today 606 million people choose Coke "just for the taste of it" every day.

美国的火星车

The twin robot geologists, the Mars Exploration Rovers, has successfully launched on the surface of Mars this year. The rovers have started their mission of looking for signs of past water, which would be helpful for further determination whether life ever arose on Mars.

建大坝

when the government plans to build a dam, experts from different disciplines may be aggregated to discuss about the plan. In the discussion, it is quite possible that those experts may have contrasting points of view. The hydrologist claims that the dam would be significant in combating drought and flood; the geologist concludes that the project may be infeasible as earthquakes are frequent in this region; the economist infers that the project must be quite helpful to solve the problems of electric power dicit, and the local economics would benit much; and the ecologist and archaeologist may disagree with the project, because building such a dam may be perilous to some species and historic relics in the ambient regions.

Perhaps the region chosen by the hydraulician is the habitat of many rare species, and thus the project would probably cause species extinction; or in the ambient region there are many priceless historic relics, which may be damaged by the project.

哈勃望远镜

With the help of the Hubble space telescope, we can get more close to the universe and observe the stars, planets, nebulas, galaxies much more conveniently.

3M公司的偶然发现

A researcher working for 3M, a materials company, had planned to make the world greatest glue. However, in the research he found the world’s worst glue, a sticky substance that never sticks. This glue is one of the best things 3M ever invented.

这些发明创造记录了世界发展的每一个关键时刻，如果你在自己的SAT写作中加入一两个这样的素材，一定会使你的文章增彩不少，而且用这样的例证来说明问题，也具有很强的说服力。

SAT考试的一个主要组成部分就是SAT写作，而写作也常常是一件令人头疼的事情，尤其在文章中需要举例说明问题的时候，很多学生往往很苦恼，接下来我们来看SAT写作中常用的例证素材——发明创造。

1879: Incandescent lamp

In 1879, after more than 1,000 trials and $40,000, Thomas Edison introduced an inexpensive alternative to candles and gaslight: the incandescent lamp. Using carbonized filaments from cotton thread, his light bulb burned for two days. These bulbs were first installed on the steamship Columbia and have been lighting up the world ever since.

1903:First powered flight

Orville Wright took off in the first powered flight in history in 1903 with the help of his brother, Wilbur. By 1905, the Wright brothers had completed the first practical airplane for public use. Since the advent of airplanes, the world has experienced a rapid merging of cultures, ideas and resources.

1908:Ford&aposs Model T

At $850, the world&aposs first automobile proved to be an invaluable bargain for farmers and city dwellers alike. And with Henry Ford&aposs introduction of the revolutionary assembly line, the volume of sales increased dramatically, bringing the cost of the Model T, also known as the "Tin Lizzie," to just $525.

1712: Newcomen&aposs steam engine

Although each separate component of a modern steam engine had already been invented by the year 1712, the first person to tie all of these elements together was Thomas Newcomen, an English blacksmith. The steam engine not only provided an immense source of power and energy, but, along with James Watt&aposs improvements in 1769, also paved the way for the Industrial Revolution and the move from an agrarian society to life in a city.

1876:Telephone

Not realizing the full impact it would have on society, Alexander Graham Bell introduced the first telephone to an amazed audience at America&aposs Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. Within a year, Bell had installed 230 phones and established the Bell Telephone Company, which was later transformed into AT&T. In 1997, 643,000,000,000 calls were made by people in the United States alone.

1901:Wireless transmission of a signal

On December 12, 1901, Guglielmo Marconi transmitted the Morse code letter "s" across the Atlantic from Cornwall, England, to St. John&aposs, Newfoundland. This demonstration of wireless transmission eventually paved the way for today&aposs complex global (and interglobal) communications, including radio, radar, and even signals from other planets.

1926:First public demonstration of television

On January 26, 1926, John Logie Baird displayed television for the first time in public at a department store in London. This was the first major step in the advancement of television since Paul Nipkow received a patent on his proposal for a mechanical television system in 1883. By 1993, there were 215 million television sets in the United States alone.

1947:Silicon chip

After ENIAC, the first computer, was invented in 1946, researchers sought a more practical way to perform highly complex calculations. In 1947, three engineers (John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain) demonstrated that it was possible to selectively control the flow of electricity through silicon. This discovery led to the creation of microprocessors and has since paved the way for today&aposs high-speed, ficient computers.

1596:Flush toilet

British nobleman John Harington devised the first flushing "water closet," which featured a wooden seat with a cistern and a valve for flushing. However, it wasn&apost until the nineteenth century when extensive sewage systems were introduced, that the flush toilet became as popular as the outhouse, the chamber pot, and the secluded tree.

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