SAT阅读假设题的理解与推理.

　　在SAT阅读中有一类题型，叫做假设题。这类题型不仅涉及到对于定位点句子的理解，其理解的原理还在一定程度上涉及到逻辑关系的推理。

　　这一类题题面的基本特征就是含有一个词assumption。通常题目会问文章的某几行，是基于什么样的一个假设(basedon或restson)。既然是问一个假设，那么显然就是问原文能够成立的条件是怎样的。在SAT阅读考试当中，通常能在出题点看到的是导致的某个结果，或可达到的某个目的。比如问一个方法基于什么样的假设，意思就是说要达到某个目的，这样的方法为什么能够有效。

　　具体思路为，若把原文看成B，选项看成A，那么A是B的假设，意思就是说若A成立B就一定成立(由A一定能推出B)，而若B成立A不一定成立(即B不一定能推出A)。比如说，你想长寿，就要少抽烟少喝酒，这句话基于什么假设就是只要少抽烟少喝酒就一定能长寿。

　　做题的时候，理解出题点后要对自己提问为什么出题点的内容能够成立，在五个选项中找到一个选项，能够符合这个提问。

　　例如OG中900页：

　　My physiotherapist expressed himself similarly: "Adaptation follows a different path in each person. The nervous system creates its own paths. You are the neurologist-you must see this all the time。

　　The physiotherapist&aposs remarks (lines 36-39) reveal the assumption that

　　A. patients have complete control over the progress of their recovery

　　B. each neurologist follows a different path to understanding

　　C. all neurologists are aware of the nervous system&aposs adaptability

　　D. the author is inadequately informed about the intricacies of the muscular system

　　E. some neurologists consider both healthy and injured brain processes to be parallel

　　题目问理疗师的话揭示了一个什么假设。理疗师的意思是：适应对于每个人来说都是基于不同的路径的。神经系统创建了它自己的路径，你就是那个神经学家，你必须时时刻刻看到这一点。意思也就是说你作为一个神经学家，必须时刻了解神经系统创建不同的适应的不同路径。理解选项后可以发现，只有C选项“所有的神经学家都对神经系统的适应性有意识”成立时，这句话才是能够成立的，其他的都为不相关项。

　　再如2007年5月的真题：

　　1. I had been trained in the tradition of acting called "psychological realism". A basic tenet of psychological realism is that characters live inside of you and that you create a lifelike portrayal of the character through a process of realizing your own similarity to the character. When I later became a teacher of acting, I began to became more and more troubled by the self-oriented method. I began to look for ways to engage my students in putting themselves in other people&aposs shoes. This went against the grain of the psychological realism tradition, which was to get the character to walk into a classroom of people in their real lives。

　　The author&aposs explanation in the fourth paragraph suggests that the "self-oriented method" (line 45) rests on the assumption that

　　A. audience members appreciate complex nuance of character

　　B. the playwright&aposs biography provides the main evidence for interpreting character

　　C. actors have already felt the full range of human emotions

　　D. actors are extremely independent and self-serving people。

　　E. Actors&apos lives become fulfilled through their dramatic portrayals。

　　可以看到题面所问的self-orientedmethod就是文中说到的psychologicalrealism。而这个方法的一个基本理念就是角色就住在你体内，你通过一个实现自身与角色相似性的过程，来创造一个活生生的对角色的扮演。为什么这个方法能够成立呢，为什么能够通过实现自身与角色相似性的过程，来创造活生生的角色扮演呢?显然，只有选项中的C选项“演员已经体会过了所有人类情感”成立，这一点才能够成立。

　　从以上例题也可看出，SAT阅读的假设题是不能排除极端选项的。由于是从选项能推出原文，通常的正解甚至都是带有极端词的。