摘要:最近,微博上最火爆的事情莫过于英国的著名天体物理学家霍金开通了实名认证的个人微博,2天之内关注破百万,那么,霍金研究的内容究竟有哪些,想要从事和霍金一样的研究,哪些美国大学会最适合你呢?一起往下看
不过霍金是何许人也,大家可能都知道一些皮毛,关于他的黑洞理论,但是,他的真正系统的理论又有多少人知道呢?所以,天体物理学的学习对各位来说就很必要了,天体物理学(astrophysics)既是天文学的一个主要分支,也是物理学的分支之一,它是利用物理学的技术、方法和理论来研究天体的形态、结构、物理条件、化学组成和演化规律的学科。天体物理学分为:太阳物理学、太阳系物理学、恒星物理学、恒星天文学、行星物理学、星系天文学、宇宙学、宇宙化学、天体演化学等分支学科。另外,射电天文学、空间天文学、高能天体物理学也是它的分支。用物理学的技术和方法分析来自天体的电磁辐射,可得到天体的各种物理参数。根据这些参数运用物理理论来阐明发生在天体上的物理过程,及其演变是实测天体物理学和理论天体物理学的任务。天体上发现的某些奇特现象也能启发和推动现代物理学的发展,一些天体所具有的极端条件和宇宙环境为物理学提供了极好的天然实验室。而理论物理学中的辐射、原子核、引力、等离子体、固体和基本粒子等理论,为研究类星体、宇宙线、黑洞脉冲星、星际尘埃、超新星爆发奠定了基础。
大家也都知道,美国的NASA是世界上最强的天文航天科研机构,因此美国的天体物理学教育在全世界都是很出色的,而其他国家也都在对宇宙进行探索,因此,天体物理学专业的学生都有着出色的就业前景。那么世界上大学的天体物理学是最优秀的呢?跟着我们来看看USNEWS2017世界大学天体物理学专业的排行吧!
Top 50 Universities -
Physics & Astronomy
2017
2017
Institution
Country
Academic
Employer
Citations
H
Score
1
1
Massachusetts Institute
of Technology (MIT)
United States
100
96.7
94
98.8
97.9
2
2
Harvard
University
United States
97.8
95.7
95.2
95.7
96.4
3
4
Stanford
University
United States
95.1
93.9
97.4
100
96.3
4
2
University of
Cambridge
United Kingdom
98.3
100
90.6
91.4
95.7
5
5
University of
California, Berkeley (UCB)
United States
97.2
90.3
94.7
95
94.9
6
6
University of
Oxford
United Kingdom
95.9
97.5
91.3
90.9
94.3
7
8
California Institute of
Technology (Caltech)
United States
95.2
82.4
91.6
95.1
91.9
8
7
Princeton
University
United States
93.3
80.4
94.9
93.2
91
8
11
The University of
Tokyo
Japan
91.9
90.1
86.3
95
91
10
9
ETH Zurich (Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology)
Switzerland
91.6
89.9
89.1
87.9
90
11
10
Imperial College
London
United Kingdom
90.8
89.8
88
89.6
89.8
12
12
University of
Chicago
United States
86.4
76.1
97.2
89.2
87.1
13
13
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t
München
Germany
88.9
77
92.4
86.3
86.7
13
17
University of
California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
United States
85.4
80.9
92.8
89
86.7
15
19
Columbia
University
United States
81.1
83.4
96.3
90.2
86.4
16
16
Ecole Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL)
Switzerland
85.1
88.1
89
84.3
86.3
17
14
Technische Universit?t
München
Germany
83.1
89.5
90.2
85
86.2
18
23
National University of
Singapore (NUS)
Singapore
84
86.4
90.3
83.4
85.6
19
18
Kyoto University
Japan
85.4
86.3
82.5
87.3
85.4
19
20
Yale University
United States
83.7
75.5
94.6
89.6
85.4
21
21
Cornell
University
United States
84.2
77.3
91.6
88.9
85.2
21
15
University of
California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)
United States
88.8
54.9
100
93.3
85.2
23
28
KIT, Karlsruher
Institut für Technologie
Germany
80.1
85
85.4
87.6
83.6
23
25
University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign
United States
84.8
71.5
89.3
87.4
83.6
25
29
Tokyo Institute of
Technology
Japan
85.3
83.2
80.1
83
83.4
26
24
Ecole Polytechnique
ParisTech
France
81.1
79.4
89.7
85.4
83.3
27
36
Lomonosov Moscow State
University
Russia
80.9
94.5
71.4
87.3
83
28
27
Ruprecht-Karls-Universit?t
Heidelberg
Germany
83.2
74.2
88.6
85.2
82.9
29
34
University of Maryland,
College Park
United States
76.5
74.7
93.4
93
82.8
30
38
Peking University
China
79.7
85.6
82.2
85.2
82.5
30
41
Tsinghua
University
China
81.5
85.2
79.9
84.5
82.5
32
22
Sapienza -
Università di Roma
Italy
80.6
74.5
83.8
89.2
81.7
32
32
University of
Michigan
United States
75.2
78.1
89.6
90.4
81.7
32
34
University of
Toronto
Canada
77.5
78.8
88.4
86.1
81.7
35
41
Seoul National
University (SNU)
South Korea
80.9
79.2
85.2
81.7
81.6
35
37
Tohoku University
Japan
83.3
77.5
79.8
84.3
81.6
37
32
UCL (University College
London)
United Kingdom
80
78.2
84.7
83.6
81.3
38
45
Osaka University
Japan
82.6
78.5
76.8
84.1
80.9
38
38
University of Texas at
Austin
United States
76.7
72.8
91.3
86.8
80.9
40
30
Rheinisch-Westf?lische
Technische Hochschule Aachen
Germany
75.3
78.3
87.4
86.9
80.6
40
25
The University of
Manchester
United Kingdom
79.7
74.6
83.6
85.6
80.6
42
43
Nanyang Technological
University (NTU)
Singapore
75.8
85.6
85
79.8
80.4
43
45
Ecole Normale
Supérieure,
Paris (ENS Paris)
France
86.3
69.8
89.9
68.7
80.2
44
45
The University of
Melbourne
Australia
74.3
80.8
89.1
82.2
80.1
45
51-100
Universit?t
Hamburg
Germany
76.2
68.9
90.6
87.4
79.9
46
49
University of British
Columbia
Canada
75.2
75.7
89.8
82.6
79.7
47
51-100
Delft University of
Technology
Netherlands
79.9
83.5
81.3
73.4
79.6
47
50
National Taiwan
University (NTU)
Taiwan
77.4
82.4
80.3
80.4
79.6
49
38
University of
Edinburgh
United Kingdom
75.3
76.9
87.8
82.4
79.5
50
45
University of
California, San Diego (UCSD)
United States
76.9
71.3
86.2
84.9
79.