【语言】 雅思阅读考试必知的八类词

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　　纵观雅思阅读类各种出题点，万变不离其宗，路标词(Signpost Words)决定一切，参透八类最重要的SW，平均分就可以提到1分，当然还需要接受专业的指导。让我们认识可能改变你人生的八类词。

　　1.并列递进：(段落开头出现这些词，可以判断出这一段以及上一段的主要内容)

　　not only but also(立即咨询)

　　further

　　then

　　next

　　subsequent

　　firstly…..

　　an alternative to this notion is … 对......的替换

　　2.对比转折

　　转折：On the other hand，however, but, nevertheless, nonetheless,

　　让步词：(中文是虽然+但是， 英文中只有一个)

　　despite, inspite of, although, though, albeit, even if, even though

　　by contrast, by comparison

　　3.相似不同

　　相同: similar, alike, as, resemble, identical

　　不同：different, distinguished, unique, distinctive,unlike,

　　阻止......的大规模消失=实现多样性：species diversity,linguistic variety, 万花筒：kaleidoscope ，multiplicity 多样性, multifaceted 多面性

　　我们要拯救语言，不让其消失。

　　we should save the languages.

　　we should prevent languages from extinction.

　　We should achieve the linguistic diversity.

　　段落开头出现下列词汇，表示解决方案：

　　Initiative, solution, suggestion=proposal, way=approaches=method, find the access to the answers/solutions,

　　4.序列词

　　开始：start, begin, initial=initiate=initiation, unfold, commencement, carry out

　　暂停：stop, pause, balk at, cease, turn off,

　　继续：continue, go on, move on, carry on, subsequently

　　最后：last, finally, end, conclusion, consequently

　　5.强调结构：

　　转折为强调

　　否定结构：

　　not, never, none, seldom (几乎不)

　　little, few否定，不

　　I have few mistakes in this action, 在这次行动中我机会没有犯错。

　　far from

　　It is far from perfection. 但这次行动离完美还很远。

　　fail to

　　given that 考略到

　　most of the teammates fail to cooperate合作 with each other. 大多数的队员都没能做到协调一致

　　缺乏：

　　insufficient, diciency, shortage, lack = not enough

　　所以领导说这可能是因为我们平时缺乏训练。

　　And according to the commander, it is resulting from the lack of practice.

　　And insufficient amount of practice have devoted to/breed/generated/ this.

　　ADD注意力缺乏紊乱症 attention dicit disorder

　　6.因果关系词+ 起作用+ 有联系

　　Overdose of salt could breed heart disease.

　　Overdose of salt has detrimental impact on the heart functionality.

　　Heart disease is related to overdose of salt.

　　Vocabulary is critical for reading.

　　Vocabulary could >> reading

　　positive link

　　negative link

　　原因：好benicial, 坏detrimental, factor因素, reason, cause, trigger, impetus behind 背后的推动力, incentive诱惑因素

　　结果：=灾难：incident, accident, damage, hazard, detrimental, disaster, issue, 自然灾害catastrophe

　　导致：lead to, devote to, cause, generate,

　　trigger 动词，引发

　　breed养大，养育mother-breeding 母乳喂养-breast-feeding 母乳喂养

　　Isolation breeds linguistic diversity.

　　地理上的间隔导致了语言的多样性

　　give rise to 催生, give birth to生出

　　由于: because of, as a result of, originate from, spawn from

　　起作用，有影响

　　be critical for ,be indispensible to…

　　have impact/influence on..

　　benicial好的 / detrimental坏的

　　vital, crucial, essential, elementary, primary,

　　7.比较级，最高级

　　表示“比较级”

　　你比我高。

　　You are taller than me.

　　I am shorter than you.

　　I am not as tall as you are.

　　You are superior over mein height. [A is Superior牛 over B in在 STH方面]

　　I am not superior over you in height.

　　I am inferior to you in height. [A is inferior弱 to B in STH]

　　Now we are under attack and outgunned by the enemies.

　　目前我们正在被攻击，并且活力被敌人压制超过。

　　A Out-名词 B=vt.表示A在......方面超过B

　　You outheight me.

　　You outwit me.

　　Wit源自于wisdom，wit智慧

　　Be superiorover 比......牛

　　Be inferior to比......弱

　　A have superiority/advantage/edge over B in sth.

　　A have inferiority/weakness to B in sth.

　　Out-名词 = 比较级

　　表示“最”

　　Chester is the craziest teacher in GE.

　　Chester is a craziest teacher in GE.

　　=Chester is one of the craziest teachers in GE.

　　=Chester is a very crazy teacher in GE.

　　A+最高级=very +adj

　　Very=extremely=ultimately=exceptionally=greatly

　　Narcissistic自恋的, narcissist自恋的人

　　8.举例子

　　for example

　　for instance

　　事实：时间，地点，人物

　　列举：quote, cite, mention, talke about….

　　来证明：to illustrate/show/prove/express/demonstrate/showcase

　　It is evident that this proposal possess both benicial and detrimental impacts, while given that the merits way outnumberthe demerits, thus I reckon this is a partly implementable suggestion.

　　a comedian= the comedian= comedians 喜剧演员(这种职业的从业人员)

　　a policeman=the policeman=policemen

　　a cop=the cop=cops 条子

　　African Americans

　　the black people

　　Nigger

　　Sinopec 中国石化

　　Sino-Japanese

　　American-sino

　　阅读王道原则：

　　★原文中有否定意义，题目中不出现否定意义(de-in-dis- -less)选F，NO

　　★当题目中是比较级，大多数情况选择NG

　　★当题目中every，all, never, should, must, 等表示绝对概念的词，选择FALSE

　　★当题目中出现基于前人观点，TURE，出现忽略前人观点，FALSE

　　★当题目中出现将来future，之后subsequent,f ollow-up，期待expect, predict, anticipate, estimate，下一次next，长期影响long-term impact，去最后一段找。