英文中常见的介词搭配错误

介词在英语语言中的作用很多：

• 表位置：where something is (prepositions of place)

e.g. on the table, at the bus stop, against the wall;

•表运动方向：the movement of something (prepositions of movement)

e.g. towards Madrid, over the bridge;

• 表时间：when something happens (prepositions of time)

e.g. at half past eight, on Christmas Day;

• 表逻辑关系：relationships between things, such as cause and effect

e.g. because of, result from

介词常见错误：介词这一类短小而有用的词因为在汉语中没有对应的词类，所以总是学习无法。这里讨论五个在写作中最常出错的介词，而它们出错的原因也大致相同，误把介词用作动词。

【以下所有加星号*例句都是错误范例】

1. Through

* The cat through the cat flap and disappeared behind the door. 猫穿过猫洞消失在门后。

常见错误是误用做动词“通过，穿过”，正确用法是搭配相应动词：

go/ filter/ pass/ run/ walk/ get/ see/ read through

2. With/ Without

*Students without difficulties to get a high-paid job if they study scientific majors.

常见错误是误用做动词“有”和“没有”，被偷换来同意替换“don't have”，正确用法是构成 with/ without+n./doing结构，做定语或者状语。

eg：Students could get a high-paid job without difficulties. 作状语

Students with a dgree of science could get a high-paid job. 作定语

3. Beyond

*The exercise beyond the abilities of most of the class. 练习超出了学生的能力。常见错误是误用做“超出”，正确用法是

1). “超出”：搭配be等系动词动词或其他实义动词：go beyond常见固定搭配：go/be beyond sb—— to be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or do 使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）

eg：What seems beyond dispute is that……

2). “除……以外”

eg：She's got nothing beyond her state pension. 除了政府发的养老金外，她什么都没有。

4. Against

* I against the point that……

常见错误是误用做“反对”，正确用法是搭配be等系动词动词或其他实义动词以及它们的名词形式：

fight/ argue/ vote/ rebel/campaign/ appeal against（V+against）

argument/ campaign/ protest against （N+against）

eg：The evidence is against him. 证据对他不利。Are we insured against theft? 我们保了盗窃险没有？

5. Under

*Their eggs under the reeds which protect them from being found.

常见错误是误用做“位于…下方”，正确用法是搭配be等系动词动词或用在固定搭配中：

under an agreement, under condition, under dispute, under law

eg: The hotel is still under construction. 旅馆还在兴建中。